Occurrence of avian leukosis virus subgroup J in commercial layer flocks in China

Xu, Bin; Weixing, Dong; Yu, Chang Yeon; He, Zhaoqing; Lv, Yanli; Sun, Yanzheng; Feng, Xiaoyu; Li, Ning; Lee, L F; Li, Maoxiang

doi:10.1080/03079450310001636237a

Cited by 102 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, ALV-J infections started to spread in other types of chickens, such as the Taiwan native breed crossbred with imported white meat-type breeders (Thu et al ., 2003) and old fancy chicken breeds in The Netherlands (de Witt et al ., 2004). In mainland China, subgroup J avian leukosis cases with high mortality occurred even in some commercial layer farms (Xu et al ., 2004) and in some flocks of local chicken breeds (Chen et al ., 2005) in the northern part of China. In both reports from China, the diagnosis was made by histological studies and PCR product analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological and pathological studies of subgroup J avian leukosis virus infections in Chinese local “yellow” chickens

2007

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Epidemiological, pathological and molecular studies indicate that subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) infections are widely spread in ''yellow chickens'' of local breeds in China. ALV-J induced tumour mortality and the serological conversion rates to ALV-J were very high in some breeder flocks. Typical myelocytomatosis was demonstrated not only in livers, spleens, kidneys, and sternums, as in white meattype chickens, but also in thymuses and the bursa of Fabricius. Especially, severe myeloid cell infiltration was found throughout the whole enlarged thymuses of some birds. ALV-J was isolated at high positive rates from both liver tumour samples and embryos collected from breeder flocks with tumours. At the same time, reticuloendotheliosis virus was also co-isolated with ALV-J in some tumour samples and embryos. Sequence analysis of env genes demonstrated that the gp85 and gp37 among six ALV-J isolates from ''yellow chickens'' of Chinese local breeds varied as highly as among ALV-J strains isolated from white meat-type chickens worldwide. But strain GD0512 isolated in 2005 from a ''yellow chicken'' farm in southern China had high identity of 95.1% for gp85 or 99.5% for gp37 to strain HN0001 isolated in 2000 from a white meat-type breeder farm in northern China, a much higher identity than to other yellow chicken and white chicken strains. This is the first report of the isolation and identification of ALV-J from yellow chickens of Chinese local breeds and also the first report of vertical co-infection of ALV-J and reticuloendotheliosis virus. The significance of co-infection of ALV-J and reticuloendotheliosis virus in pathogenesis is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were also some reports of subgroup J myelocytomatosis cases in commercial layer flocks and ''yellow'' chicken flocks of local breeds in northern China in recent years (Xu et al ., 2004;Chen et al ., 2005). They were diagnosed by histopathological examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, but no virus was isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and pathological studies of subgroup J avian leukosis virus infections in Chinese local “yellow” chickens

2007

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“…It is also worthy of note that neoplastic lesions on the rib cage was observed in 3.42% of the cases of avian neoplastic diseases. This lesion is thought to be pathogmonic for myeloid leukosis (Xu et al, 2004). This study has shown that the prevalence of avian neoplastic disease, especially MD, is on the rise and measures must be put in place to arrest this dangerous trend.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nine - year retrospective study of avian neoplastic diseases in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria

Sani¹,

Aliyu²,

Musa³

et al. 2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Avian neoplastic diseases have been identified as one of the leading causes of mortality and production losses in commercial chickens in Nigeria. Although available reports described the trend of Marek's disease in Zaria, Kaduna state, they did not take cognizance of other neoplastic diseases of poultry hence the need for this study. The clinic records of the Avian Clinic of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, were examined for cases of all avian neoplastic diseases from 2002 to 2010. The overall prevalence of avian neoplastic diseases was 7.58% (234/3085). Marek's disease (MD) and avian leukosis (AL) were the only avian neoplastic diseases of poultry reported during the period under review. Marek's disease contributed 85.90% (201/234) of the total avian neoplastic diseases outbreaks while AL was responsible for only 14.10% (33/234) of the outbreaks. The overall prevalence of MD was 6.25% (201/3085) while that of AL was 1.07% (33/3085). Chicken (99.57%) and duck (0.43%) were the only species of birds affected by the diseases. The types of chickens that were affected include commercial layers (97.85%), exotic broilers (0.86%), exotic cockerels (0.86%) and Nigerian indigenous chicken (0.43%). The average age of poultry affected was 20.17 (SD=±2.6) weeks for MD and 41.43 (SD=±15.4) weeks for AL. Weight loss (55.98%), ruffled feathers (47.01%), diarrhea (39.79%) and leg paralysis (17.52%) were the most reported clinical signs. The most consistent gross lesions observed were hepatomegaly (76.50%), emaciated carcass (75.64%), renomegaly (52.56%) and splenomegaly (44.87%). Neoplastic growths were mostly observed on the liver (46.58%), kidney (28.2%) and heart (25.21%). The sciatic nerve (20.51%) and bursa of Fabricius (3.85%) were also affected. There is a remarkable increase in the cases of avian neoplastic diseases over the study period which underscores the importance of a National control program for these important diseases of poultry.

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“…For two decades was assumed that ALV-J was restricted in meat type chickens. Although egg-type chickens have been experimentally infected with ALV-J to induce tumors (Payne et al, 1992a) the first field case of ALV-J infection in egg type chickens was reported in China 2004 (Gingerich et al, 2002;Xu et al, 2004). The ALV-J virus was isolated in meat type chickens in Egypt in 2000 (Aly, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J from Commercial Peking Duck Breeder Farm in Egypt

Kilany¹,

Soliman²,

Safwat³

et al. 2015

International J. of Virology

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Avian Leukosis Virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is widely described in meat-type chickens and layers type but rarely observed in ducks. In this study, two flocks of Peking duck breeder bred in Egypt showed 25-30% mortality, 20-30% drop in egg production and 60-65% drop in hatchability. Gross picture showed severe enlargement of liver, spleen, white raised nodules in heart and ovarian atrophy in all examined birds. The liver and spleen had diffuse, multifocal white raised foci on the surface as well as on the cut-surface. Histopathological examination revealed numerous myelocytes with bigger volume, large peripheral nucleus and packed reddish cytoplasmic granules infiltrated in heart, liver, kidney and ovary. Some of myelocytic cells had mitotic figures. Results were positive for detection of ALV antigen-p27 by antigen capture ELISA in cloacal samples. The PCR results confirmed that the flocks were positive for ALV-J with specific fragment of 545 bp, but negative for ALV-A, Marek's Disease Virus (MDV) and Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV). The study provided some information on ALV-J induced myelocytomatosis for ducks. It concluded that ALV-J virus is broadening host range including the ducks. Also, myeloid leukosis is an enduring problem facing the poultry industry.

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Occurrence of avian leukosis virus subgroup J in commercial layer flocks in China

Cited by 102 publications

References 5 publications

Epidemiological and pathological studies of subgroup J avian leukosis virus infections in Chinese local “yellow” chickens

Epidemiological and pathological studies of subgroup J avian leukosis virus infections in Chinese local “yellow” chickens

A nine - year retrospective study of avian neoplastic diseases in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria

Detection of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J from Commercial Peking Duck Breeder Farm in Egypt

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