Occurrence of autophagy during pioneer root and stem development in Populus trichocarpa

Wojciechowska, Natalia; Smugarzewska, Iga; Marzec-Schmidt, Katarzyna; Zarzyńska‐Nowak, Aleksandra; Bagniewska‐Zadworna, Agnieszka

doi:10.1007/s00425-019-03265-5

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In Populus trichocarpa, ATG genes and the ATG8 protein are expressed at different stages during root or stem primary and secondary development. Ultrastructural observations have revealed that autophagosomes accumulate during differentiation of xylem in roots (Wojciechowska et al, 2019). These results exhibit autophagy is involved in root morphogenesis.…”

Section: The Roles Of Autophagy In Plant Root Developmentmentioning

confidence: 73%

Autophagy: An Intracellular Degradation Pathway Regulating Plant Survival and Stress Response

et al. 2020

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Autophagy is an intracellular process that facilitates the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic materials by the vacuole or lysosome in eukaryotes. This conserved process is achieved through the coordination of different autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Autophagy is essential for recycling cytoplasmic material and eliminating damaged or dysfunctional cell constituents, such as proteins, aggregates or even entire organelles. Plant autophagy is necessary for maintaining cellular homeostasis under normal conditions and is upregulated during abiotic and biotic stress to prolong cell life. In this review, we present recent advances on our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of autophagy in plants and how autophagy contributes to plant development and plants' adaptation to the environment.

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Section: The Roles Of Autophagy In Plant Root Developmentmentioning

confidence: 73%

Autophagy: An Intracellular Degradation Pathway Regulating Plant Survival and Stress Response

et al. 2020

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“…While the role of ROS and antioxidants in the lignification of tracheary elements in cell cultures and their role in xylogenesis in developing stems are well known, information is lacking on their role in developmental processes in underground organs, such as pioneer roots. Only a few recent studies have compared pioneer root development to the ontogeny of stems [31,32]. In these studies, similarities were noted in cell wall development and the PCD of xylem cells, as well as organ-specific mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants were then transferred into rhizotrons after a three-month period. Roots were grown in clear-walled chambers filled with natural soil and shoots were grown normally, as described by Wojciechowska et al [18,31].…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cell wall lignification also enables conducting xylem cells (tracheids and vessel elements) to transport water containing dissolved mineral salts. Xylogenesis, the differentiation and maturation of tracheary elements, is one of the processes in which programmed cell death has been well documented [12,14,31,52]. PCD during xylogenesis occurs concomitantly with the deposition of the secondary cell wall.…”

Section: Ros Are Involved In Xylem Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allies or Enemies: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Developmental Processes of Black Cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa)

et al. 2020

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In contrast to aboveground organs (stems and leaves), developmental events and their regulation in underground organs, such as pioneer and fine roots, are quite poorly understood. The objective of the current study was to achieve a better understanding of the physiological and molecular role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-related enzymes in the process of stem and pioneer root development in black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa), as well as in the senescence of leaves and fine roots. Results of a transcriptomic analysis revealed that primary/secondary growth and senescence are accompanied by substantial changes in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress metabolism. We observed that some mechanisms common for above- and under-ground organs, e.g., the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes and SOD activity, declined during stems’ and pioneer roots’ development. Moreover, the localization of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2•–) in the primary and secondary xylem of stems and pioneer roots confirms their involvement in xylem cell wall lignification and the induction of programmed cell death (PCD). H2O2 and O2•– in senescing fine roots were present in the same locations as demonstrated previously for ATG8 (AuTophaGy-related) proteins, implying their participation in cell degradation during senescence, while O2•– in older leaves was also localized similarly to ATG8 in chloroplasts, suggesting their role in chlorophagy. ROS and ROS-related enzymes play an integral role in the lignification of xylem cell walls in Populus trichocarpa, as well as the induction of PCD during xylogenesis and senescence.

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“…Plants were grown in a growth chamber (Conviron GR96) at 18 • C day/14°C night temperature and a 16 h day/8 h night photoperiod. After two months, plants were transferred to rhizotrons as described in Wojciechowska et al [95]. The material for the study was sampled during the first vegetative season at three time points based on morphological markers of senescence.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abscisic Acid and Jasmonate Metabolisms Are Jointly Regulated During Senescence in Roots and Leaves of Populus trichocarpa

Wojciechowska

Wilmowicz

Marzec-Schmidt

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Plant senescence is a highly regulated process that allows nutrients to be mobilized from dying tissues to other organs. Despite that senescence has been extensively studied in leaves, the senescence of ephemeral organs located underground is still poorly understood, especially in the context of phytohormone engagement. The present study focused on filling this knowledge gap by examining the roles of abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonate in the regulation of senescence of fine, absorptive roots and leaves of Populus trichocarpa. Immunohistochemical (IHC), chromatographic, and molecular methods were utilized to achieve this objective. A transcriptomic analysis identified significant changes in gene expression that were associated with the metabolism and signal transduction of phytohormones, especially ABA and jasmonate. The increased level of these phytohormones during senescence was detected in both organs and was confirmed by IHC. Based on the obtained data, we suggest that phytohormonal regulation of senescence in roots and leaves is organ-specific. We have shown that the regulation of ABA and JA metabolism is tightly regulated during senescence processes in both leaves and roots. The results were discussed with respect to the role of ABA in cold tolerance and the role of JA in resistance to pathogens.

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Occurrence of autophagy during pioneer root and stem development in Populus trichocarpa

Abstract: Main conclusion Autophagy is involved in developmentally programmed cell death and is identified during the early development of phloem, as well as xylem with a dual role, as both an inducer and executioner of cell death.

Cited by 24 publications

References 71 publications

Autophagy: An Intracellular Degradation Pathway Regulating Plant Survival and Stress Response

Autophagy: An Intracellular Degradation Pathway Regulating Plant Survival and Stress Response

Allies or Enemies: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Developmental Processes of Black Cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa)

Abscisic Acid and Jasmonate Metabolisms Are Jointly Regulated During Senescence in Roots and Leaves of Populus trichocarpa

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