Occurrence of allochthonous Artemia species in the Bohai Bay area, PR China, as confirmed by RFLP analysis and laboratory culture tests

Aquatic pollution may favor the success of the invasive species A. franciscana

“…Under temperate conditions, usual in the Mediterranean basin, parthenogenetic diploid brine shrimp strains show physiological responses and demographic traits theoretically superior when facing competition with Mediterranean and Old World bisexual species (Amat 1983;Browne and Halanych Browne, 1989;Browne, 1992;Barata et al, 1996;Browne and Wanigasekera, 2000). But whilst in general, parthenogenetic reproduction associates to very effective and rapid dispersal and colonization mechanisms, the real picture shows the American bisexual A. franciscana going beyond its original range and reaching the Old World, spreading from western to eastern (Van Stappen et al, 2007) geographical extremes. Under the same climatic conditions prevailing in the Mediterranean area, this allochthonous species has been able to develop improved physiological responses and demographic traits in comparison to bisexual and parthenogenetic native species and strains, as several authors have experimentally demonstrated (Varó et al, 2000;Sarabia et al, 2002;Browne and Wanigasekera, 2000;Browne et al, 2002;Amat et al, 2007), ultimately becoming an invasive NIS.…”

Updating Geographic Distribution of Artemia urmiana Günther, 1890 (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) in Europe: An Integrated and Interdisciplinary Approach

“…PEREZ et al (1994) first analyzed the mtDNA and concluded that A. salina, A. franciscana and two parthenogenetic strains should be considered as belonging to different species. A variety of DNA fingerprinting techniques have also been used for describing the diversity within the genus Artemia, namely RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) (BOSSIER et al, 2004;GAJARDO et al, 2004;BAXE-VANIS et al, 2005;VAN STAPPEN et al, 2007), RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) (BADARACCO et al, 1995;SUN et al, 1999;CAMARGO et al, 2002) and AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) (TRIANTAPHYLLIDIS et al, 1997a;1997b;SUN et al, 1999). DNA sequencing is the most fine-grained genetic information because it provides complete information from the analysed region and it has been frequently used to infer selection and demographic patterns (SCHLOTTERER, 2004).…”

Functional rare males in diploid parthenogeneticArtemia

“…Parthenogenetic populations occur only in the Old Word, from the Canary Islands in the west to China in the east, and they have been introduced in Australia (Gajardo et al ., ; McMaster et al ., ). These parthenogenetic lineages co‐occur with diverse sexual species across their range, including A. salina (Linnaeus 1758) in the Mediterranean region and South Africa (Amat et al ., ), A. urmiana (Günther 1899) in and around lake Urmia (Iran) and Crimean salt lakes (Abatzopoulos et al ., ), A. sinica (Cai 1989) in Central and Northern China, A. tibetiana (Abatzopoulos et al ., ; Van Stappen et al ., ) in the Tibetan plateau and a yet undescribed sexual species in Kazakhstan (Pilla & Beardmore, ; Litvinenko & Boyko, ). In Australia, introduced populations of diploid parthenogenetic Artemia may coexist with endemic brine shrimps of the genus Parartemia (McMaster et al ., ).…”