Occurrence of a Pig Respiratory Disease Associated with Swine Influenza A (H1N2) Virus in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

Yoneyama, Shuji; Hayashi, Tsuyoshi; Kojima, Hirokazu; Usami, Yoshihide; Kubo, Michinori; Takemae, Nobuhiro; Uchida, Yuko; Saito, Takehiko

doi:10.1292/jvms.09-0342

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Harvested viruses from MDCK cells and from the amniotic fluid of Tochigi1 after two passages in each substrate showed HA titres of 4 and 16 with 1 % chicken RBCs, respectively. However, Tochigi1 did not grow in allantoic fluid in earlier passages (Yoneyama et al, 2010). The passage histories of Rat101942 and Tochigi1 analysed…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…After two passages in each substrate, the supernatant of the infected cells showed HA activity at a titre of 8, whereas infectious allantoic fluid showed HA activity at a titre of 4, with 1 % guinea pig red blood cells (RBCs). The MDCK isolate of A/swine/Tochigi/1/2008 (H1N2) (Tochigi1) was obtained in this study from the lung homogenate of a 22-week-old pig in Japan that showed coughing and a high body temperature (Yoneyama et al, 2010). Harvested viruses from MDCK cells and from the amniotic fluid of Tochigi1 after two passages in each substrate showed HA titres of 4 and 16 with 1 % chicken RBCs, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A lung specimen from a pig, which yielded A/swine/Tochigi/1/2009 (H1N2) (Tochigi1) (Yoneyama et al, 2010), was subjected to virus isolation in MDCK cells at NIAH, Japan. After being ground in the transport medium (10 %, w/v), the specimen was inoculated into MDCK cells as described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses of the H1 subtype after isolation in embryonated chicken eggs

Takemae

Ruttanapumma²,

Parchariyanon³

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

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Alterations of the receptor-binding properties of swine influenza A viruses (SIVs) during their isolation in embryonated chicken eggs have not been well studied. In this study, the receptorbinding properties of classical H1 SIVs isolated solely in eggs or Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were examined. Sequencing analysis revealed substitutions of D190V/N or D225G in the haemagglutinin (HA) proteins in egg isolates, whereas MDCK isolates retained HA genes identical to those of the original viruses present in the clinical samples. Egg isolates with substitution of either D190V/N or D225G had increased haemagglutinating activity for mouse and sheep erythrocytes, but reduced activity for rabbit erythrocytes. Additionally, egg isolates with D225G had increased haemagglutination activity for chicken erythrocytes. A direct binding assay using a sialyl glycopolymer that possessed either a 5-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) a2,6galactose (Gal) or a Neu5Aca2,3Gal linkage revealed that the egg isolates used in this study showed higher binding activity to the Neu5Aca2,3Gal receptor than MDCK isolates. Increased binding activity of the egg isolates to the Neu5Aca2,3Gal receptor was also confirmed by haemagglutination assay with resialylated chicken erythrocytes by Galb1,3/4GlcNAca2,3-sialyltransferase. These observations were reinforced by flow-cytometric and N-glycan analyses of the erythrocytes. The a2,3-linked sialic acids were expressed predominantly on the surface of mouse and sheep erythrocytes. Chicken erythrocytes expressed Neu5Aca2,3Gal more abundantly than Neu5Aca2,6Gal, and rabbit erythrocytes expressed both 5-N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) a2,6Gal and Neu5Aca2,6Gal. Our results demonstrate clearly that classical H1 SIVs undergo alterations in receptor-binding activity associated with an amino acid substitution in the HA protein during isolation and propagation in embryonated chicken eggs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses of the H1 subtype after isolation in embryonated chicken eggs

Takemae

Ruttanapumma²,

Parchariyanon³

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

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“…Sera collected from all pigeons before inoculation and virus-infected or mock inoculated pigeons on day 14 post infection were treated with trypsin and potassium periodate to remove any non-specific inhibitor, as described previously [44]. Then, the HI test was performed using the treated sera, goose red blood cells and 4 hemagglutinating units of the H5N1 HPAIVs as the antigens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Cytokine Responses of Pigeons Infected with Highly Pathogenic Thai Avian Influenza Viruses of Subtype H5N1 Isolated from Wild Birds

et al. 2011

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the H5N1 subtype has been reported to infect pigeons asymptomatically or induce mild symptoms. However, host immune responses of pigeons inoculated with HPAIVs have not been well documented. To assess host responses of pigeons against HPAIV infection, we compared lethality, viral distribution and mRNA expression of immune related genes of pigeons infected with two HPAIVs (A/Pigeon/Thailand/VSMU-7-NPT/2004; Pigeon04 and A/Tree sparrow/Ratchaburi/VSMU-16-RBR/2005; T.sparrow05) isolated from wild birds in Thailand. The survival experiment showed that 25% of pigeons died within 2 weeks after the inoculation of two HPAIVs or medium only, suggesting that these viruses did not cause lethal infection in pigeons. Pigeon04 replicated in the lungs more efficiently than T.sparrow05 and spread to multiple extrapulmonary organs such as the brain, spleen, liver, kidney and rectum on days 2, 5 and 9 post infection. No severe lesion was observed in the lungs infected with Pigeon04 as well as T.sparrow05 throughout the collection periods. Encephalitis was occasionally observed in Pigeon04- or T.sparrow05-infected brain, the severity, however was mostly mild. To analyze the expression of immune-related genes in the infected pigeons, we established a quantitative real-time PCR analysis for 14 genes of pigeons. On day 2 post infection, Pigeon04 induced mRNA expression of Mx1, PKR and OAS to a greater extent than T.sparrow05 in the lungs, however their expressions were not up-regulated concomitantly on day 5 post infection when the peak viral replication was observed. Expressions of TLR3, IFNα, IL6, IL8 and CCL5 in the lungs following infection with the two HPAIVs were low. In sum, Pigeon04 exhibited efficient replication in the lungs compared to T.sparrow05, but did not induce excessive host cytokine expressions. Our study has provided the first insight into host immune responses of pigeons against HPAIV infection.

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“…In 2008, swine influenza virus was reported in pig farms in Tochigi [21]. Although there was no direct evidence of transmission of influenza viruses between domestic pigs and wild boars, transmission of other viruses, such as African swine fever virus [13], hepatitis E virus [16] and pseudorabies virus [14], has been reported between wild boars and domestic pigs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza A virus infection in Japanese wild boars (<i>Sus scrofa leucomystax</i>)

Shimoda

Nguyen

Yonemitsu

et al. 2017

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Serum samples were collected from 385 wild boars between 2010 and 2013 to examine the seroprevalence of influenza A virus (IAV) in Japan. Antibodies against IAV were identified using a commercial kit in 13 wild boars (3.4%). To identify the serotypes, positive sera were examined by virus-neutralization test using representative serotypes and strains. Three wild boars in Yamaguchi and four in Tochigi showed the highest antibody titers against the pandemic H1N1 2009 virus and classical swine H1N1 virus strains, respectively. These data indicate that wild boars may have close contact with humans and domestic pigs and therefore that there is potential for IAVs to reassort in wild boars as they have been shown to do in pigs.

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Occurrence of a Pig Respiratory Disease Associated with Swine Influenza A (H1N2) Virus in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses of the H1 subtype after isolation in embryonated chicken eggs

Alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses of the H1 subtype after isolation in embryonated chicken eggs

Host Cytokine Responses of Pigeons Infected with Highly Pathogenic Thai Avian Influenza Viruses of Subtype H5N1 Isolated from Wild Birds

Influenza A virus infection in Japanese wild boars (<i>Sus scrofa leucomystax</i>)

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