Occurrence and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dust of an emerging industrial city in Iran: implications for human health

Aminiyan, Milad Mirzaei; Kalantzi, Olga‐Ioanna; Etesami, Hassan; Khamoshi, S. E.; Begloo, Raziyeh Hajiali; Aminiyan, Farzad Mirzaei

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14839-w

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In this study, PAHs content in car dust is higher than those in public transport areas such as bus stop [7] and railway station dust [4], and also higher than those in indoor dust in Voivodina, Serbia [21]. The PAHs content in car dust is noticeably greater than in street/road dust/soil in Shenyang, China [24], Rafsanjan, Iran [25], and Lucknow, India [26]. The high PAHs content in car dust is, on the one hand, most likely due to the small particle size of the dust samples collected in this study [27].…”

Section: Pahs Content In Car Dust and Compared To Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 46%

Pollution Characteristics and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of PAHs in Car Dust Collected from Commercial Car Wash in Changchun, Northeast China

Cui

Luo

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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In the collection of dust, vacuum cleaners are used to clean everything inside the car, including floor/carpet, seat, console, etc. To investigate the characteristics, possible sources and carcinogenic risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in car dust, fourteen car dust samples were collected from commercial car washes in Changchun, Northeast China. The 16 priority PAHs were all detected in 100%, and PAHs were predominantly tetracyclic. The mean ∑16PAHs content was 9297.79 ± 5855.89 ng g−1, ranging from 2940.03 to 23,174.51 ng g−1. Black carbon, total carbon and PAHs were weakly correlated. The results of positive matrix factorization indicated that coal combustion contributed 30.03% of PAHs and biomass combustion contributed 24.70%. Vehicle exhaust from traffic emissions, mainly incomplete combustion of gasoline and diesel, contributed 45.27% of PAHs. The mean incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values for children and adults were 4.94 × 10−3 and 4.37 × 10−3, respectively, both above the threshold value of 10−4. This indicates that PAHs from car dust put both adults and children at high carcinogenic risk, and that children are exposed to a higher carcinogenic risk than adults. This study provides a basis for proposing targeted measures to control PAHs’ contamination from car dust.

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Section: Pahs Content In Car Dust and Compared To Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 46%

Pollution Characteristics and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of PAHs in Car Dust Collected from Commercial Car Wash in Changchun, Northeast China

Cui

Luo

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) is a simple and practical pollution source analysis method that is able to quantitatively analyze the contribution of PAH sources (Aminiyan et al, 2021). PMF does not depend on the emission component spectrum of the pollution sources and is the most wildly applied source identi cation receptor model (Abayi et al, 2021;Sei et al, 2021;Zhen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution, potential sources, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface soils of Shanxi Province, north China

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread in the environment and pose serious threat to the soil ecosystem. In order to better understand the health risks of resident exposed to by PAHs-contaminated soil, 173 surface soil samples were collected in Shanxi Province, China, to detect the levels of 16 priority PAHs. The spatial distribution patterns of PAHs were explored using interpolation and spatial clustering analysis, and the probable sources of soil PAHs were identified for different land-use covers. The results indicate that the soil Σ16 PAH concentration to range from 22.12 to 1337.82 ng g− 1, with a mean of 224.21 ng g− 1. The soils were weakly to moderately contaminated by high molecular weight PAHs (3–5 ring) and the Taiyuan-Linfen Basin was the most polluted areas. In addition, the concentration of soil PAHs on construction land was higher than that on other land-use covers. Key sources of soil PAHs were related to industrial activities dominated by coal burning, coking, and heavy traffic. Based on the exposure risk assessment of PAHs, more than 10% of the area was revealed to be likely to suffer from high child carcinogenic risks. The study maps the high-risk distribution of soil PAHs in Shanxi Province and provides PAH-pollution reduction strategies for policy-makers to prevent adverse health risks to residents.

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“…Soils are a major sink for heavy metals released into the environment (Long et al, 2021; X. Xiao et al, 2020), where they can persist for extended periods of time (Aminiyan et al, 2021). Many studies have reported that human exposure to heavy metals can induce adverse effects on the lungs, kidneys or other organs and lead to skeletal, cerebrovascular, and cardiovascular diseases with carcinogenic risks (Noor et al, 2024;Wallace et al, 2020;Yao et al, 2020), even at a low concentration level (Bing et al, 2018;Luo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels, sources, and risk of heavy metals in soils from northwest and eastern industrial areas of China

Xiao,

Zhou,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The heavy metal pollution caused by widespread industrial activities is an important and difficult issue for environmental pollution control in China. It adversely affects human health and the ecosystem. However, the relevant research on heavy metals contamination in typical petrochemical (PIA) and coking industries areas (CIA) was few. In this study, a total of 24 and 21 surface topsoil (< 20 cm) samples were collected in petrochemical and coking industrial areas, respectively. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and potential ecological risk index (ERI) were calculated to assess the Cu, Pb, Ni, Co, Cr, Zn, V, and Mn pollution levels in soils. The hazard index (HI), carcinogenic risk (CR), and non-carcinogenic risk (NCR) were used to assess the human health risk of heavy metals. The mean levels (mg/kg) of heavy metals were ranked as Mn (601.25) > Zn (154.63) > Cr (76.78) > V (76.04) > Cu (39.11) > Pb (36.88) > Ni (31.73) > Co (12.97) in PIA, and Mn (915.14) > Zn (307.64) > Cr (115.98) > Pb (93.20) > V (92.56) > Cu (44.42) > Ni (34.45) > Co (16.65) in CIA, respectively. Pollution indices indicated that the extent of heavy metals contamination in CIA soils is higher than PIA. Source apportionment of heavy metals in soil was performed using Spearman's correlation coefficient, principal component analysis (PCA) and matrix cluster analysis, suggesting that industrial activities and the transshipment process were the major contributors to heavy metals. About NCR, the THI values were higher than 1 in both typical industrial areas, implying that there is potential health risk to humans. Except for the CR values of Pb for children and adults in both industrial areas and the CR values of Cr for adults in PIA, the CR are between 1.00 × 10− 6 and 1.00 × 10− 4, other heavy metals of the CR values were higher than 1\(\times\)10−4. This result reflects the fact that there were seriously adverse impacts on human health. Overall, the NCR and CR of the heavy metals for different populations ranked as follows: children > adults and Cu, Ni, Co, and Cr were identified as the major contributors to CR and NCR. The result of the present study provides timely information for developing control and management strategies to reduce soil contamination by heavy metals in typical petrochemical and coking industries areas.

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Occurrence and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dust of an emerging industrial city in Iran: implications for human health

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

Pollution Characteristics and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of PAHs in Car Dust Collected from Commercial Car Wash in Changchun, Northeast China

Pollution Characteristics and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of PAHs in Car Dust Collected from Commercial Car Wash in Changchun, Northeast China

Spatial distribution, potential sources, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface soils of Shanxi Province, north China

Levels, sources, and risk of heavy metals in soils from northwest and eastern industrial areas of China

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