Occurrence and source apportionment of PAHs in highly vulnerable karst system

Shao, Yixian; Wang, Yanxin; Xu, Xiaoqing; Wu, Xiaowen; Jiang, Zhou; He, Shanshan; Qian, Kun

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.128

Cited by 47 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It had high loading of Acl (83.100 %) and moderate loading of Pyr (25.700 %) and Flu (12.300 %). Acl has commonly considered as an indicator of wood combustion (Zuo et al 2007;Shao et al 2014). Flu and Py have also used as indicators of wood combustion (Khalili et al 1995;Cao et al 2011).…”

Section: P-only Data Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment Coupled with Gas/Particle Partitioning Theory and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated with Size-Segregated Airborne Particulate Matter

Zhai

Zhu

et al. 2016

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in airborne particulate matter (PM) collected by an eight-stage (S0, S1, …, S7, and SF) particle sizing sampler in three sampling periods, 85 h (85-h) each period. The measured particle-phase PAHs (Ponly) data set and the sum of predicted gas-phase and measured particle phase PAHs (predicted G + P) data set considering the effect of gas/particle partitioning were used in positive matrix factorization (PMF) for source apportionment. Benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentration (BaP eq ) and incremental life cancer risk (ILCR) model were utilized for risk assessment of PAHs. The average concentrations of 85-h PM 10 and PM 2.1 were 292.729 and 142.642 μg/m 3 , respectively. The average concentration of 15 PAHs was 480.777 ng/m 3 in PM 10 and 254.464 ng/m 3 in PM 2.1 . PAHs showed unimodal distribution among the nine sampling stages and S5 collected the most concentrations of PAHs and PM. PAHs with over four aromatic rings tended to accumulate in fine PM especially in S5 and S6 while PAHs with less than four rings preferred to stay in coarse PM especially in S0. A four source profiles for P-only were identified by PMF as follows with their source contributions: biomass burning (BB) (9.580 %), coal combustion (CC) (10.600 %), Bair-surface exchange( 20.160 %), and vehicle emission (VE) (59.660 %). However, three source profiles for predicted G + P only identified including BB (93.330 %), CC (0.0600 %), and VE (6.610 %). The average 85-h average total BaP eq of 15 PAHs was 5.226 g/m 3 . S4, S5, and S6 had BaP eq concentrations greater than domestic standard concentration and ILCR value higher than 10 −6 .

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Section: P-only Data Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment Coupled with Gas/Particle Partitioning Theory and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated with Size-Segregated Airborne Particulate Matter

Zhai

Zhu

et al. 2016

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…For the case of Guozhuang karst water system, before their transport into karst aquifer, the PAHs-containing wastewater or gas emissions were first discharged or deposited in the surface water containing free oxygen. Leaking river water then transported PAHs into the karst aquifer (Shao et al 2014). Thus the initial step may include the oxidation of the benzene ring by mono or dioxygenase enzymes, converting the aromatic compounds to hydroxy aromatic intermediates which are further dehydrogenated to form carbonyl compounds.…”

Section: Identification Of Pahs Degradation Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Coal-washing, coal-burning and charcoal production constitute were the major ways of releasing PAHs to the Carboniferous-Permian coal-bearing strata at Guozhuang (Shao et al 2014). The soil and groundwater may harbor diverse PAHs-degrading microbial communities and their degradation may have significant impact on the transport of PAHs in the karst aquifers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of PAHs by Acinetobacter isolated from karst groundwater in a coal-mining area

Shao

Wang

et al. 2015

Environ Earth Sci

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A bacterial strain Acinetobacter sp. WSD with phenanthrene-degrading ability was identified based on biochemical tests and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The strain was isolated from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated groundwater from a coalmining area of the Guozhuang karst water system in Shanxi province of northern China. Acinetobacter sp. WSD could utilize fluorine (FLO), phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR) as its sole carbon source and was able to degrade other PAHs. Approximately 90 % of FLO, 90 % of PHE and 50 % of PYR were degraded after 6 days' incubation. The logistic model well fitted all the experimental data. The specific degradation rates in glucose were higher than that in HCO 3 -, indicating that organic carbon source promoted the growth of Acinetobacter sp. WSD and the degradation of PAHs. In presence of humic acids (HA), the total degradation rate was accelerated, although there was a delay at the beginning. In the case of high HA concentration, co-metabolism between PAHs and HA occurred. The metabolic pathway for the three compounds of PAHs was discussed using GC-MS data. Phthalic acid was found in their metabolites. Phenol, 2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl), a new type of PAHs metabolites that have been reported before was found after 2 days degradation.

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“…For these reasons, most studies have focused on PAH contamination in karst environments [30,[33][34][35] and have shown that PAHs in karst systems could migrate from the surface to underground. Ormah et al [33] and Wang et al [35] showed that PAH concentrations from the top to the bottom of the Tiankeng karst (a kind of karst negative landform) in southern China ranged from 16.93 ng/g to 68.07 ng/g, and 23.40 ng/g to 190 ng/g PAHs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially high molecular weight PAH concentrations in the bottom soils were higher than those in the top, thus the Tiankeng system acts as a trap for PAHs. For the Guozhuang karst water system in northern China, total PAH concentrations ranged from 2137 to 9037 ng/L in groundwater [34]. PAHs also were detected in karst seepage waters in caves and groundwater, and soils can effectively retain PAHs -particularly medium to high molecular weight PAHs [30,36].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Risk Assessment of PAHs in a Karst Underground River System

Lan¹,

Sun²,

Xiao³

2019

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one kind of typical persistent organic pollutant widely distributed in various environmental media [1-6]. Because of their carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and toxicity, PAHs are both of great environmental concern [7-8] and of serious health concern [7, 9]. Therefore, 16 PAHs were selected as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). With rapid industrialization and urbanization, PAH-induced pollution to the environment is accelerating (USEPA; WHO), which aggravates both the threat to human health [10] and the threat to the ecosystem. For these reasons, PAH concentrations, distribution, transmission, sources and ecological risk from water, sediments, soils and biota [5, 10-18] have attracted more and more attention. These studies are focused mainly on the major surface rivers and lakes in China, for example the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, the Pearl River, Lake Chaohu and Lake Taihu. There are seldom studies on the situations for underground rivers of China. According to Kalf et al. [19], risk quotient (RQ) can be applied to evaluating the ecological risk of PAHs in water, sediments or soils, and they also compare the values among different media [20-22]. RQ is the ratio of

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Occurrence and source apportionment of PAHs in highly vulnerable karst system

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

Source Apportionment Coupled with Gas/Particle Partitioning Theory and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated with Size-Segregated Airborne Particulate Matter

Source Apportionment Coupled with Gas/Particle Partitioning Theory and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated with Size-Segregated Airborne Particulate Matter

Biodegradation of PAHs by Acinetobacter isolated from karst groundwater in a coal-mining area

Ecological Risk Assessment of PAHs in a Karst Underground River System

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