Occurrence and health risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in riverbank filtrated drinking water

Kondor, A.; Molnár, Éva D.; Vancsik, Anna; Filep, Tibor; Szeberényi, József; Szabó, László Z.; Maász, Gábor; Pirger, Zsolt; Weiperth, András; Ferincz, Árpád; Staszny, Ádám; Dobosy, Péter; Kiss, Katalin Horváthné; Jakab, Gergely; Szalai, Zoltán

doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102039

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…The remaining CBZ is released with the WWTP effluent into the environment where it undergoes a relatively slow degradation process with a permanency time of around 82 days in surface waters [ 14 ]. Accordingly, CBZ has been detected in surface waters worldwide in concentrations of 150 µg/L in South Korea [ 15 ], 12 µg/L in Europe [ 16 ], and 0.8 µg/L within the Danube River in Hungary [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Marker Assessment of Chronic Carbamazepine Exposure at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations in Juvenile Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

et al. 2022

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Worldwide, the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (CBZ) is the most frequently identified pharmaceutical residue detected in rivers. Reported chronic effects of CBZ in non-target freshwater organisms, particularly fish, include oxidative stress and damage to liver tissues. Studies on CBZ effects in fish are mostly limited to zebrafish and rainbow trout studies. Furthermore, there are only a few chronic CBZ studies using near environmental concentrations. In this study, we provide data on subacute effects of CBZ exposure (28 days) to common carp (Cyprinus carpio), employing a set of biochemical markers of damage and exposure. CBZ was found to induce a significant change in the hepatic antioxidant status of fish subjected to 5 µg/L. Moreover, with increasing concentrations, enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers of oxidative defence (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), DNA strand breaks)), toxicant biotransformation (ethoxyresorufin-o-demethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), and organ and tissue damage (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cetylcholinesterase (AChE)) were altered. The AChE, LDH, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) results indicate the occurrence of apoptotic process activation and tissue damage after 28 days of exposure to CBZ. These findings suggest significant adverse effects of CBZ exposure to common carp at concentrations often found in surface waters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Marker Assessment of Chronic Carbamazepine Exposure at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations in Juvenile Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

et al. 2022

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“…In the UK, citalopram and fluoxetine have been detected in drinking water at concentrations of 2.26–2.80 and 0.27 ng/L, respectively ( 21 ). The maximum concentration of citalopram in Danube-derived tap water from the Budapest metropolitan region (Hungary) was 0.590 ng/L ( 1 ). Only trace amounts of antidepressants including citalopram (up to 1.5 ng/L), sertraline (up to 3.1 ng/L), and venlafaxine (up to 1.9 ng/L) were detected in tap water in Warsaw (Poland) ( 32 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antidepressants are a group of drugs used to treat psychiatric disorders ( 1 ), which can be classified as tricyclic antidepressants (TCA), serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) according to their mechanisms of action ( 2 ). The most frequently found psychiatric drugs were antidepressants such as fluoxetine, carbamazepine, citalopram, sertraline, and trazodone in concentrations of up to 2.0 ng/ L ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressants as emerging contaminants: Occurrence in wastewater treatment plants and surface waters in Hangzhou, China

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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AimsAntidepressants have aroused wide public concern due to their widespread presence in water and their harm to human health and environment. This study was designed to evaluate the contribution of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to the presence of antidepressants in the surface water.MethodsData was evaluated by analyzing water samples collected from the influent, effluent, upstream and downstream of the WWTPs on the rivers of interest in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Besides, the study also assessed the impact of the release of antidepressants from WWTPs to the surface water on the drinking water. An automatic solid-phase extraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to detect antidepressants.ResultsThe most abundant compound was venlafaxine, followed by citalopram, sertraline, and fluvoxamine with concentrations between 0.6 and 87 ng/L. Antidepressants showed maximum concentrations at the effluent outlets of the WWTPs, and greater concentrations were found downstream than upstream of the WWTPs in Qiantang River. The results of source water and finished water showed that the detection concentration was lower than the detection limit of the method.ConclusionsThe less impact of the release of antidepressants from WWTPs to the surface water on the drinking water was identified. Nevertheless, these compounds were hardly removed by wastewater treatment processes. Thus, their risks deserve close attention.

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“…The continuous rise of cancer cases has led to the increased use of anticancer drugs and a further increase in their use in the years to come can be foreseen [ 14 , 15 ]. Anticancer drugs (also known as antineoplastics) are generally administered in hospitals and, thus, hospital wastewater is considered as the one of the various routes through which those compounds reach the aquatic environment [ 16 ]. In addition to this, domestic wastewater and, eventually, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are key pathways since most cancer patients leave the hospital after receiving treatments [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anticancer drugs (also known as antineoplastics) are generally administered in hospitals and, thus, hospital wastewater is considered as the one of the various routes through which those compounds reach the aquatic environment [ 16 ]. In addition to this, domestic wastewater and, eventually, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are key pathways since most cancer patients leave the hospital after receiving treatments [ 16 ]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), anticancer drugs are classified under the class L—antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents [ 17 ], subclass L01X—other antineoplastic agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fully Automated Online SPE-LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of 10 Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater Samples

Belay

Precht

Mortensen

et al. 2022

Toxics

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The increasing use of pharmaceuticals, their presence in the aquatic environment, and the associated toxic effects, have raised concerns in recent years. In this work, a new multi-residue analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of 10 pharmaceuticals in wastewaters using online solid-phase extraction (online SPE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The compounds included in the method were antineoplastics (cabazitaxel, docetaxel, doxorubicin, etoposide, irinotecan, methotrexate, paclitaxel, and topotecan), renin inhibitors (aliskiren), and antidepressants (maprotiline). The method was developed through several experiments on four online SPE cartridges, three reversed phase chromatography columns, and four combinations of mobile phase components. Under optimal conditions, very low limits of detection (LODs) of 1.30 to 10.6 ng L−1 were obtained. The method was repeatable, with relative standard deviations (RSD, %) for intraday and interday precisions ranged from 1.6 to 7.8 and from 3.3 to 13.2, respectively. Recovery values ranged from 78.4 to 111.4%, indicating the reproducibility of the method. Matrix effects were mainly presented as signal suppression, with topotecan and doxorubicin being the two most affected compounds (31.0% signal suppression). The proposed method was successfully applied to hospital effluents, detecting methotrexate (4.7–9.3 ng L−1) and maprotiline (11.2–23.1 ng L−1). Due to the shorter overall run time of 15 min, including sample preparation, and reduced sample volume (0.9 mL), this on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS method was extremely convenient and efficient in comparison to the classical off-line SPE method. The proposed method was also highly sensitive and can be used for ultratrace quantification of the studied pharmaceuticals in wastewaters, providing useful data for effective environmental monitoring.

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Occurrence and health risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in riverbank filtrated drinking water

Cited by 26 publications

References 89 publications

Biochemical Marker Assessment of Chronic Carbamazepine Exposure at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations in Juvenile Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Biochemical Marker Assessment of Chronic Carbamazepine Exposure at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations in Juvenile Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Antidepressants as emerging contaminants: Occurrence in wastewater treatment plants and surface waters in Hangzhou, China

A Fully Automated Online SPE-LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of 10 Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater Samples

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