Occurrence and estimation of aflatoxin M1 exposure in milk in Serbia

Kos, Jovana; Lević, J.; Ðuragić, O.; Kokić, Bojana; Miladinović, Ivana

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.060

Cited by 148 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Mean recovery values were calculated from ten individual measurements at each concentration level, applied in duplicate on the microtiter plate (N = 20). The signals from the blanks were not subtracted from the signals of the fortified samples; thus, higher recovery values were revealed in comparison to some other authors [30], and very similar to authors using the same manufacturer's ELISA kit [31]. The same is valid for the RSD values as well; they were somewhat higher, and reflected the variances in bovine and ovine milk samples.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Recovery And Precisionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The calculated LOD of 0.0066µg kg -1 (Table 1) was significantly lower than the MRL value for AFM 1 (0.050 µg kg -1 ), thus avoiding the false negative results, and obtaining a reasonable number of false positives. The obtained values were higher than those published by other authors [19,30,31]. This was expected, bearing in mind the fact that other authors have optimized the ELISA method by performing the experiments only on bovine milk.…”

Section: Limit Of Detection Limit Of Quantification and Detection Camentioning

confidence: 43%

“…Two hundred and five milk samples were considered to be possibly non-compliant and tested further for final judgment of the sample compliance. Since the stability of AFM 1 in real samples is well known, a stability study was not performed, and samples were kept at +4 ºC for 48 hours, or at -20 ºC, following recommendations by other authors [30].…”

Section: Milk Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the method performances for screening and confirmatory analysis of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk according to the mycotoxin regulative requirements

Dimitrieska-Stojkovik

Ilievska

Stojanovska-Dimzoska

et al. 2014

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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Screening and confirmatory methods for aflatoxin M 1 (AFM 1 ) analysis were optimized and studied regarding the European Decision 2002/657/EC requirements. The recoveries of AFM 1 from the spiked samples at levels between 0.025 and 0.075 µg kg -1 were 99.6-110.3% with precision of 10.5-13.4%, confirming the immunochemical method precision and reliability for intensive surveillance studies. According to the regulatory requirements, for confirmation of the obtained positives from the screening, the reference high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure was evaluated in reference to the performance criteria. The between-day recovery obtained was in the range 67.2-72.8%, and the precision range was 5.4-9.1%. Two hundred and twenty five positives from the screening were subjected to confirmatory analysis. Comparison of the data obtained from the immunoassay and chromatographic method (R 2 = 0.764) revealed a slight overestimation of the screening method, but no cases of false-negative determinations occurred. Во овој труд се оптимизирани и проучeни скринингот и методот за потврдување анализа на афлатоксин М 1 (AFM 1 ) со оглед на барањата на Одлуката 2002/657/EC на Европската комисија. Oд спикуваните примероци на ниво на концентрации помеѓу 0,025 и 0,075 µg kg -1 се добиени аналитички приноси за AFM 1 во опсег од 99,6 до 110,3 %, при што утврдената прецизност се движи во опсегот од 10,5 % до 13,4 %. На тој начин е потврдена прецизноста и сигурноста на имунохемискиот метод за негова примена при интензивни надзорни студии на голем број примероци. За релевантно потврдување на позитивните резултати од скринингот е неопходно да се изврши процена на изведбата на референтниот високо ефикасен течно-хроматографски метод, земајќи ги предвид критериумите утврдени во регулативата. Аналитичкиот принос кој е определен во текот на два дена се движи во опсегот од 67,2 до 72,8 % и прецизноста од 5,4 % до 9,1 %. Со примена на потврдниот хроматографски метод повторно беа анализирани 205 позитивни примероци од скринингот. Споредбата на податоците од резултатите добиени со скринингот и потврдниот метод (R 2 = 0,764) покажа дека концентрациите на АFM 1 кои се определени со скринингот во одредена мера се повисоки, но не се утврдени лажно негативни резултати.

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Section: Assessment Of the Recovery And Precisionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Limit Of Detection Limit Of Quantification and Detection Camentioning

confidence: 43%

Section: Milk Sample Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Study on the method performances for screening and confirmatory analysis of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk according to the mycotoxin regulative requirements

Dimitrieska-Stojkovik

Ilievska

Stojanovska-Dimzoska

et al. 2014

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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show abstract

“…In the recent period aflatoxin M 1 was in the spotlight of public attention in Republic of Serbia due to the high contamination of milk with this mycotoxin during 2013 (Kos et al, 2014;Škrbić et al, 2014). Increased level of aflatoxin M 1 was most probably the consequence of the contamination of corn with fungi which consequently led to the contamination with aflatoxin B 1 in 2013 in Serbia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin M1 in raw milk in the region of Vojvodina

Polovinski-Horvatović¹

2016

Mljekarstvo

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Aflatoxin М 1 was in the spotlight of public attention in Serbia and in the region in 2013 due to high level of this mycotoxin found in milk and milk products. Maximum allowed concentration of aflatoxin M 1 in milk by EU regulation is 50 ng/kg, while in the Republic of Serbia, allowed concentration by the current regulation is 250 ng/kg. During seven months period, from May to November, samples of raw milk were being taken from six farms, with 60 to 330 cows, from the region of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, the Republic of Serbia, for the purpose of monitoring the occurrence of aflatoxin M 1 in milk and its variation during this period. The highest level of 39.8 ng/kg was found in November, while the mean value for the whole period was 7.9 ng/kg. None of the samples had higher level of this mycotoxin than allowed by EU regulation or by current legislation of the Republic of Serbia. The second group of samples included a total of 38 samples of raw milk, from the period of October and November, were taken from different producers from the region of Vojvodina and analyzed on the occurrence of aflatoxin M 1 . In this group of samples, the occurrence of aflatoxin M 1 was much higher, with the average value of 230 ng/kg. The highest found value was 864 ng/kg. In 13 samples, the aflatoxin M 1 content was higher than the allowed by the legislation of the Republic of Serbia, while in 24 (63.2 %) samples determined concentration exceeded the value allowed by EU regulation. Data from this work suggest huge differences in the occurrence of aflatoxin M 1 in milk between the producers in this region. Regular monitoring is necessary to avoid situation with the elevated level of aflatoxin M 1 in milk. This measure will protect both the consumers and the producers of milk and milk product.

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“…6 Even though environmental conditions in Serbia in previous decade were not favorable for Aspergillus growth and AFs production, 7,8 changes in weather conditions in Serbia during year 2012 had a great influence on the occurrence of AFs in maize 9,10 and AFM1 in milk samples. 11 Determined concentrations of AFM1 in milk samples was very high and risk assessment analysis showed that all age categories, especially children, are exposed with high risk related to presence of AFM1 in milk. Presence of aflatoxins in the food chain had led to the "aflatoxins crisis" in the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of ELISA, HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS Methods for Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Natural Contaminated Milk Samples

Kos

Hajnal²,

Jajić³

et al. 2016

ACSi

Self Cite

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Presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk should be continuously controlled in order to protect the population from risks associated with its proven toxicity and carcinogenicity. During recent years, there has been an increase in demand for development of sensitive, accurate, simple and fast method which is reliable for detection of AFM1 at low concentrations found in milk samples. For that purpose, enzyme linked immunosorbent asssay (ELISA), high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) were optimized and validated in order to apply them for AFM1 analysis in naturally contaminated milk samples, and to assess the closeness of agreement between results of three different methods. The obtained validation parameters indicate that all three methods are suitable for determination of AFM1 in milk samples. The statistical analysis of variance between the methods and the obtained correlation coefficients indicate that there is a strong correlation between methods. All three methods are satisfactory in meeting the requirements for official control purposes. To the best of author's knowledge, this study represents the first report of an investigation and comparison of ELISA, HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS methods for determination of AFM1 in naturally contaminated milk samples.

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Occurrence and estimation of aflatoxin M1 exposure in milk in Serbia

Cited by 148 publications

References 23 publications

Study on the method performances for screening and confirmatory analysis of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk according to the mycotoxin regulative requirements

Study on the method performances for screening and confirmatory analysis of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk according to the mycotoxin regulative requirements

Aflatoxin M1 in raw milk in the region of Vojvodina

Comparison of ELISA, HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS Methods for Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Natural Contaminated Milk Samples

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