Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serovars in apparently healthy slaughtered sheep and goats of central Ethiopia

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to determine the occurrence, distribution and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella serovars in apparently healthy slaughtered sheep and goats in central Ethiopia. A total 1224 samples consisting of faeces, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and abdominal and diaphragmatic muscle samples were collected from 104 sheep and 100 goats. Salmonella was isolated from 12 of 104 (11.5%) sheep and 3 of 100 (3%) goats. Of the total 624 and 600 samples examined from sheep and goats, 18 (2.9%) and 4 (0.7%), respectively, were Salmonella positive. The 22 Salmonella isolates belonged to 9 different serovars. The common serovars isolated were S. typhimurium, followed by S. heidelberg, S. reading, S. give, and S. poona. Seven of the 22 isolates (31.8%) were multidrug-resistant to various antimicrobials.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella species from ready-to-eat foods from catering establishments in Jigjiga City, Ethiopia

“…It was found that all the 25 (100%) isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. This result was comparable to previous reports by Molla et al (2006) from central part of Ethiopia among isolates of sheep and goat meat, Akinyemia et al (2005) from Nigeria, from human isolates and Zelalem et al (2011), isolates of Salmonella from dairy farms in Addis Ababa. The effectiveness of drugs like ciprofloxacin could be because they are not widely used in countries like Ethiopia and other African countries (Zelalem et al, 2011).…”

“…There are reports which shows the multiple antibiotics resistance by Salmonella, for instance, Alemayehu et al (2002), Endrias (2004) and Zelalem et al (2011) reported 52, 23.5, 44.8 and 83.3%, respectively for the multidrug resistance of Salmonella isolated from food of animal sources, animals and humans, as well higher than reports from elsewhere (Stevens et al, 2006;Khaitsa et al, 2007;Al-Bahry et al, 2007;Elgroud et al, 2009;Fadlalla et al, 2012) on multidrug resistance of Salmonella. This difference could be because, drug-resistant Salmonella are increasing due to the use of antimicrobial agents in food animals at prophylactic doses which may promote on-farm selection of antimicrobial resistant strains and markedly increase the human health risks associated with consumption of contaminated food products as stated by Molla et al (2003Molla et al ( , 2006 and Zewdu and Cornelius (2009). Zewdu and Cornelius (2009) reported that the isolates of Salmonella from food items and workers from Addis Ababa were resistant to the commonly used antibiotics including streptomycin, ampicillin, and tetracycline.…”

Recovery and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella from fresh goat meat in Arusha, Tanzania

“…The limited occurrence of antibiotic-resistant strains in Salmonella reported in this study is consistent for what has been reported for slaughtered goats in central Ethiopia where resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin and sulphamethoxazole varied between 4.6 and 18.2% (Molla et al, 2006). In contrast, a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella to ampicillin (54.5%, amoxicillin (45.5%), streptomycin (81.8%), sulphonamide (42%) and Trimethoprim (75%) was reported for goat meat in eastern Ethiopia (Ferede et al, 2015).…”

Prevalence, assessment, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella from raw chicken eggs in Haramaya, Ethiopia

“…Several studies have suggested that characteristics of agricultural environmental settings, including animal crowding, CAFO hygiene, temperature, ventilation control, and stress can influence antimicrobial resistance and pathogen risk [7]. There are reports of high levels of resistance in Salmonella isolates from countries such as Taiwan [8], India [9], the Netherlands [10], France [11], Canada [12], and Ethiopia [13][14][15][16].…”