Occupational exposure to livestock and risk of tuberculosis and brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mia, M. Mukthar; Hasan, Mahamudul; Pory, Faija Sadia

doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100432

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The livelihoods of more than 1.7 billion underprivileged people globally are supported by livestock with huge demands for livestock products contributing to the growth of secondary job opportunities in addition to the main businesses of animal husbandry, transportation, slaughterhouses, and feed production [ 67 ]. Human populations greatly depend on domestic animals for the production of dairy products, fat, leather, meat, eggs, fibers, fertilizers, wool, and recreational activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Almuzaini

2023

Vaccines

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Brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial illness that affects humans and a variety of domestic animals, especially ruminants. It is mostly transmitted through the consumption of contaminated drinks, foods, undercooked meat, or unpasteurized milk or contact with infected animals. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels, sheep, and goat herds in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, using commonly used diagnostic serological procedures such as the Rose Bengal test (RBT), complement fixation test (CFT), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels, sheep, and goats was determined in the selected areas using a cross-sectional study design and a total of 690 farm animals of both sexes of different ages from the three animal species (274 camels, 227 sheep, and 189 goats). According to RBT results, 65 sera were positive for brucellosis, including 15 (5.47%) for camels, 32 (14.09%) for sheep, and 18 (9.50%) for goats. CFT and c-ELISA were performed as confirmatory tests on positive samples resulting from RBT. With c-ELISA, 60 serum samples were confirmed positive, in 14 (5.10%), 30 (13.21%), and 16 (8.46%) camels, sheep, and goats, respectively. There were 59 serum samples confirmed as positive for CFT, including 14 (5.11%), 29 (12.77%), and 16 (8.46%) for camels, sheep, and goats, respectively. Overall, the highest seroprevalence of brucellosis was found in sheep while the least was found in camels from the three tests (RBT, c-ELISA, and CFT). The highest seroprevalence of brucellosis was found in sheep while the least seroprevalence was found in camels. There was also a higher seroprevalence of brucellosis among female animals than males as well as among old animals than young animals. The study, thus, demonstrates brucellosis seroprevalence among farm animals (camels, sheep, and goats) and the significance of intervention measures against brucellosis incidence in both humans and animals through the creation of public awareness and other relevant policy measures such as livestock vaccination, effective hygiene management, and adequate quarantine or serological analysis for newly introduced animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Almuzaini

2023

Vaccines

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“…Another important risk factor for transmission of M. bovis to humans is through handling of contaminated carcasses at abattoirs [ 85 ]. Unfortunately, the awareness level in slaughterhouse workers and animal owners regarding the risk of zoonosis is very low in Pakistan: as demonstrated by a study conducted at abattoirs in Karachi reporting that only 15% workers and herdsmen knew about bTB and only 30% workers were taking some precautions such as wearing of personal protection equipment and washing their hands [ 81 ].…”

Section: Risks Factors For Ztb In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

A one health-focused literature review on bovine and zoonotic tuberculosis in Pakistan from the past two decades: challenges and way forward for control

Fareed,

Rana,

Hadi

et al. 2024

One Health

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“…Good manufacturing practices (GMPs), good hygiene practices (GHPs), and standard operating procedures (SOPs) are all examples of such necessary programs (SOPs). Slaughterhouse personnel must adhere to the rules of the expert authority for how to deal with brucellosis to ensure that the postmortem inspection is conducted under proper conditions, and in particular that killed animals may be inspected accurately [57].…”

Section: Hygienic Precautions Among Slaughterhousementioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Borne Brucellosis

Almashhadany¹,

Zefenkey²,

Hassannejad³

et al. 2023

Current Issues and Advances in the Dairy Industry

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Milk is full of nutrients, making it an ideal environment for several infectious diseases, that come at the forefront is brucellosis. The zoonotic disease brucellosis in humans is mostly ignored, and the annual number of human cases is commonly reported as 500,000. Consumption of tainted dairy products is the most common vector for the transmission of human Brucellosis. Confirmation of disease via culture is considered the gold standard, but is not always possible. Serological tests and molecular tests are alternative methods. The milk Ring Test is considered the method of choice for the surveillance of dairy herds. The control of risk factors and surveillance are the cornerstones of brucellosis prevention. Eliminating animal infections is the most effective preventative technique. Cattle, goats, and sheep vaccination are advised in enzootic regions with high prevalence rates. The main methods of preventing human infection are public education, food safety measures, occupational hygiene, and laboratory safety. The pasteurization of milk before it is consumed directly or used to make products like cheese is a crucial step in avoiding transmission from animals to people. Both education initiatives and laws prohibiting the sale of unpasteurized milk products can be successful.

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Occupational exposure to livestock and risk of tuberculosis and brucellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 68 publications

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

A one health-focused literature review on bovine and zoonotic tuberculosis in Pakistan from the past two decades: challenges and way forward for control

Milk Borne Brucellosis

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