Occupational exposure to body fluids among health care workers in Georgia

Butsashvili, Maia; Kamkamidze, George; Kajaia, Maia; Morse, Dale L.; Triner, Wayne; DeHovitz, Jack; McNutt, Louise‐Anne

doi:10.1093/occmed/kqs121

Cited by 49 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the current study, the prevalence of HCV infection among HCWs was 4.6%, similar to the 5% HCV prevalence reported in Georgia among 1600 HCWs 12 and higher than those reported by similar studies conducted in developed as well as developing countries [13][14][15][16][17][18] which range from 0.6%-3%. This may reflect inadequate adherence of the current study's HCWs to infection control standards.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This is consistent with result from another study which reported 32% proportion of HCWs that always use gloves during medical procedures. 12 Current participants' infection control training was only reported by 12.5%, which is lower than that reported in India (36%). 25 In spite of the fact that training was not proven to be protective against occupational exposure, continuous effective training is encouraged to improve infection prevention.…”

Section: -22 Not For Citation Purposesmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Seroprevalence and risk factors for Hepatitis B and C among health care workers

Anwar

Ahmed

Sheemy

et al. 2017

Int. j. infect. control

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Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission due to injuries and frequency of exposure. We aimed to assess HBV/HCV seroprevalence among nurses and housekeepers in Beni-Suef University Hospital, and to identify possible risk factors.A cross sectional study was conducted from March to July 2016 using a self-administered questionnaire. A blood sample was withdrawn from each participant and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibodies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) seropositivity to HCV was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The study involved 175/255 participants with a response rate of 68.5%. Nurses constituted 76% and 24% were housekeepers. Overall prevalence of HCV seropositivity was 4.6%, detected by ELISA. Confirmatory PCR testing revealed positivity in 75% (6/8) of these. Cut injuries were a risk factor for HCV positivity (OR 4.388, 95% CI 0.859 -22.4, P= 0.05). Previous training and use of gloves was a protective factor (OR 0.135, 95% CI .016-1.118, P= 0.03 and OR 0.241, 95% CI 0.055-1.04, P= 0.04 respectively). None of the participants was found to be HBV seropositive. Practices and behaviours posing risk for HCWs included needle stick injury (NSI) and cut injuries. Focus on improving safety training programs to HCWs and provision of infection prevention equipment is needed. In addition regular reporting, follow up and assessment of occupational exposures should be in place.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: -22 Not For Citation Purposesmentioning

confidence: 74%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Hepatitis B and C among health care workers

Anwar

Ahmed

Sheemy

et al. 2017

Int. j. infect. control

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“…The rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc positivity in healthcare workers reported in several studies published in the last three decades [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] range from 0.1% to 8.1% and from 6.2% to 73.4%, respectively, depending on the age of the subjects investigated, the spread of HBV infection in their country of origin and on the prevention strategies used by the healthcare workers (Table 1). Of 5813 healthcare workers tested in Italy in 1985, 21.5% were found to be anti-HBc-positive and 1.8% HBsAg-positive [65] .…”

Section: Studies On Hbv Infection In Healthcare Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Philippines 123 Case-control 8 (6.5) 81 (65.8) Aziz et al [57] NR Pakistan 250 Cross-sectional 6 (2.4) Butsashvili [58] 2006…”

Section: Studies On Hbv Infection In Healthcare Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in healthcare workers

Coppola

Pascalis

Onorato

et al. 2016

WJH

121

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Approximately 3 million healthcare workers per year receive an injury with an occupational instrument, with around 2000000 exposures to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 1000000 to hepatitis C virus (HCV). Although an effective HBV vaccine has been available since the early eighties, and despite the worldwide application of universal vaccination programs started in the early nineties, HBV still remains a prominent agent of morbidity and mortality. There is no vaccine to limit the diffusion of HCV infection, which progresses to chronicity in the majority of cases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to a chronic liver disease. Healthcare workers are frequently exposed by a mucosal-cutaneous or percutaneous route to accidental contact with human blood and other potentially infectious biological materials while carrying out their occupational duties. Mucosal-cutaneous exposure occurs when the biological material of a potentially infected patient accidentally comes in contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes or mouth or with the skin of a healthcare worker. Percutaneous exposure occurs when an operator accidentally injures himself with a sharp contaminated object, like a needle, blade or other sharp medical instrument. About 75% of the total occupational exposure is percutaneous and 25% mucosal-cutaneous, the risk of infecting a healthcare worker being higher in percutaneous than in mucosal-cutaneous exposure. All healthcare workers should be considered for HBV vaccination and should meticulously apply the universal prophylactic measures to prevent exposure to HBV and HCV.

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“…Thus, these professionals are active in financialinstitutional decisions and play their role as overseers of possible risks and of the quality of the products used, through the monitoring of the materials purchased and used in care. 12,14 To remain active, nursing needs to strengthen its professional practice based on evidence and proof, based on the fact that making a decision on whether to use a technology should involve different aspects -legal, social, ethical, political, cultural and economic. As spending in the health sector has been increasing at an overwhelming rhythm, which can affect the sustainability of health organizations and systems, the implementation of constant care assessment and monitoring strategies is fundamental.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness of Needle and Catheter Over Needle With Active Protection Devices in the Hospital Setting

Mendes

Silva

Haddad³

et al. 2015

Texto contexto - enferm.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of needle and catheter over needle with active protection safety devices in the hospital context. A cross-sectional and retrospective study was undertaken at a public university hospital in Southern Brazil. The population was composed of consumption and material cost worksheets and 53 records of workers and students who suffered perforating accidents that occurred before and after the implementation of the safety devices, in the periods named A: June/2010 till June/2011 and B: June/2012 till June/2013. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. There was a 30% increase in accidents between period A and period B. The cost went from 44.769,93 to 139.558,08 American dollars. Educational strategies are recommended to enhance the cost-effectiveness of safety devices in healthcare organizations. DESCRIPTORS:Nursing. Occupational health. Hospital costs. Occupational acidents. Biological contamination. CUSTO-EFETIVIDADE DE AGULHAS E CATETERES SOBRE COSTO-EFECTIVIDAD DE AGUJAS Y CATÉTERES CON RELACIÓN A LAS AGUJAS CON DISPOSITIVOS DE PROTECCIÓN ACTIVA EN EL CONTEXTO HOSPITALARIORESUMEN: El estudio buscó evaluar el costo-efectividad de agujas y de catéteres con relación a las agujas con dispositivos de seguridad con protección activa en el contexto hospitalario. Es una pesquisa cuantitativa, transversal y retrospectiva, realizada en un hospital universitario público del sur de Brasil. La población estaba compuesta por plantillas de consumo y de costo, y con 53 expedientes de trabajadores y alumnos que sufrieron accidentes perforantes, ocurridos antes y después de la implantación de los dispositivos, durante los periodos A: de junio/2010 a junio/2011 y B: de junio/2012 a junio/2013. Se analizaron los datos mediante estadística descriptiva. Los accidentes aumentaron el 30% entre el periodo A y el B. El costo pasó de 44.769,93 para 139.558,08 dólares americanos. Así, no hubo más costo-efectividad, se recomienda que las organizaciones de la salud utilicen estrategias para potencializar el costo-efectividad de los dispositivos de seguridad. DESCRIPTORES:Enfermería. Salud laboral. Costos de hospital. Accidentes de trabajo. Contaminación biológica.

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Occupational exposure to body fluids among health care workers in Georgia

Abstract: Data from this study can be utilized in educational programs and implementation of universal safety precautions for HCWs in Georgia to help achieve similar reductions in blood-borne infection transmission to those achieved in developed countries.

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Hepatitis B and C among health care workers

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Hepatitis B and C among health care workers

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in healthcare workers

Cost-Effectiveness of Needle and Catheter Over Needle With Active Protection Devices in the Hospital Setting

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