Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents induces a high level of chromosome damage. Lack of an effect of GST polymorphisms

Micronuclei and chromosome aberrations in subjects occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs: a multicentric approach

“…In our study, MN but not CA frequencies tended to rise with age, although to a significant extent only in the control group, probably because in the exposed subjects the effect of exposure was predominant. No correlation was found between job seniority and the levels of cytogenetic damage; this finding is in accordance with data retrieved in the literature (Maluf and Erdtmann 2000a;Testa et al 2007).…”

“…Similarly, GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes did not modify CA frequencies in the presence of exposure to ANPD. Our findings are in agreement with the results reported in the published papers with a similar approach (Musak et al 2009;Testa et al 2007). …”

“…Similar to our findings, positive results for both MN and CA induction were reported in other investigations on workers exposed to ANPD (Bouraoui et al 2011;El-Ebiary et al 2013;Kopjar et al 2009); positive results have been reported also in studies evaluating only MN (Cornetta et al 2008;Ladeira et al 2014;Maluf and Erdtmann 2000b;Rekhadevi et al 2007; Table 2 Frequencies of ANPD handling Data reported as the percentage of subject who have handled each drug at least once over a period of 6 months (data obtained from questionnaires) ANPD classified by the International Agency of Research as 1 carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), 2A probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A), 2B possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), 3 not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3), NL not listed by IARC (refs. : IARC 1976, 1981, 1987, 2000 ANPD % ANPD % Rombaldi et al 2009), or CA (Burgaz et al 2002;Jakab et al 2001;Musak et al 2009;Testa et al 2007). However, negative findings have also been reported for MN (Cavallo et al 2007;Hessel et al 2001;Laffon et al 2005;Maluf and Erdtmann 2000a).…”

Chromosomal damage among medical staff occupationally exposed to volatile anesthetics, antineoplastic drugs, and formaldehyde

“…The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified many antineoplastic agents as class 1 human carcinogens (eg, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, busulfan, melfalan), class 2A probably carcinogenic to humans (eg, azacitidine, cisplatin, doxorubicine) or class 2B possibly carcinogenic to humans (bleomycin, dacarbazine, mitoxantrone, mitomycin) (20). Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents has been shown to result in an increased frequency of total chromosomal aberrations (CATot) in PBL, as documented by a number of studies (2,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Interestingly, nurses occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs showed an elevated level of not only chromatid-type aberrations (CTA) (induced by most chemical clastogens), but also chromosome-type aberrations (CSA), such as chromosome breaks and dicentric chromosomes, which is typical of radiation exposure (23).…”

Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferases M1, T1, P1 and A1 genes in the Tunisian population: An intra and interethnic comparative approach

“…The analysis for the GSTA1 gene was carried out with genotyping of GSTA1 − 69C/T polymorphism by PCR-RFLP based on the method of Testa et al (2007), with some modifications. Briefly, 50 ng of DNA were used as a template in a PCR reaction with GSTA1 primers F: 5′-TGTTGATTGTTTGCCTGAAATT-3′ and R: 5′-GTTAAACGCTGT-CACCGTCCT-3′.…”