Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection among HIV Positive Patients in Nigeria

Opaleye, Oluyinka Oladele; Oluremi, Adeolu Sunday; Atiba, Adetona Babatunde; Adewumi, Moses Olubusuyi; Mabayoje, Olatunji Victor; Donbraye, Emmanuel; Ojurongbe, Olusola; Olowe, Olugbenga Adekunle

doi:10.1155/2014/796121

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…(15) Anti-HBc was detected in 29.20% and 27.3% of HIV infected patients in Nigeria and Brazil respectively. (17,16) Anti-HBc was the sole HBV marker in 35 (17.77%) HIV patients, which is close to 17.50% (71 out of 405) and the 16% (38 out of 240) reported in Italy and Boston, respectively. (18,19) Isolated anti-HBc was detected in 12.7% in the study carried out by Aly (15) However, this percent is lower than what has been described in previous studies of HIV-positive patients, namely; the 26.80% detected in India, (20) and the 28.30% in Taiwan.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Egyptian HIV-Infected Patients with Isolated Anti-HBc

Abdelaziz

Fekry

Hashish

2019

Journal of High Institute of Public Health

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Background :Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), defined as the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in liver or serum despite the absence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a frequent contaminant with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV has a negative effect on HBV disease accelerating its natural course. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of OBI in Egyptian HIV-infected patients with isolated anti-HBc. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 197 HIV infected patients. They were tested for HBsAg, Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), antibody to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), and CD4 count. Patients with sole anti-HBc were screened for HBV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Among those patients, 13 (6.60%) were positive for HBsAg, 82 (41.62%) for anti-HBc and 70 (35.53%) for anti-HBs. Their corresponding median CD4 count was 310.00 cells/mm 3 , 497.50 cells/mm 3 and 525.50 cells/mm 3 , respectively. Anti-HBc was the sole marker in 35 (17.77%) patients of whom 7 (20%) were HBV DNA positive indicating OBI. Most OBI patients were non-vaccinated against HBV. There was no significant statistical relationship between the presence of OBI and CD4 count, although most of them had CD4 count less than 500 cells/mm 3 . Conclusion: The present study underscores the importance of OBI screening among HIV patients with isolated anti-HBc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Egyptian HIV-Infected Patients with Isolated Anti-HBc

Abdelaziz

Fekry

Hashish

2019

Journal of High Institute of Public Health

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“…In a study of HBV occult infection among HIV positive patients, Opaleye et al found HBV DNA in 21/188 (11.2%) of patients without detectable HBsAg [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Hospital Based Study In Kathmandu to Assess the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus

Bhatta¹,

Thapa²,

Pant

et al. 2016

J. Manmohan Memorial Inst. Health. Sci.

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BackgroundHepatitis B is a major public health issue in Nepal. Acute as well chronic Hepatitis B infection can lead to different hepatic manifestation ranging from acute liver failure, aplastic anemia and liver cirrhosis to liver cancer. Although, there is a presence of high burden of viral hepatitis in Nepal but little have been studied about it. So this study was aimed to obtain the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B among all the patients: outpatient as well as patient in different wards visiting a tertiary care hospital. MethodsThis was a retro prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in which the data was obtained from the university register. The data documents the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B. In this study we have assessed total of 240 samples all of which were processed at Microbiology and Pathology laboratory using commercially available kits. Data were cleaned manually and analyzed using SPSS vs. 20. ResultsOut of 240 samples assed, 158 were males and 82 females and we found a total viral hepatic burden of 4.19% (10 samples).The mean age group of our study was 47 years (9 years to 85 years). Out of HBsAg screened positive population, HBV was seen mostly in males (90%) whereas lesser in female (10%). ConclusionsViral hepatitis usually does not follow any seasonal pattern so emphasis must be given to pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis so that we can prevent people from casualties caused via viral hepatitis.

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“…However, this bias is somewhat balanced by missing the diagnosis of occult HBV infection (undetectable HBsAg in serum with the presence of HBV DNA), with proportions of occult HBV infection ranging from 3% to 11% in people with HIV. 43,44 Second, HCV diagnosis was based on antibodies, not RNA. With the high prevalence of interleukin 28B genotype CC in Asia, 45 patients who might have cleared the infections were included in the HCV group, overestimating the prevalence of HCV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus co-infection in patients in the China National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program, 2010–12: a retrospective observational cohort study

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2014

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

113

116

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Summary Background Hepatitis-related liver diseases are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among people with HIV/AIDS taking combination antiretroviral therapy. We assessed the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection on HIV outcomes in patients in China. Methods We did a nationwide retrospective observational cohort study with data from the China National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program from 2010–11. Patients older than 18 years starting standard antiretroviral therapy for HIV who had tested positive for HBV and HCV were followed up to Dec 31, 2012. We used Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models to evaluate survival, and logistic regression models to estimate virological failure, immunological response, and retention in care. Findings 33 861 patients with HIV met eligibility criteria. 2958 (8·7%) participants had HBV co-infection, 6149 (18·2%) had HCV co-infection, and 1114 (3·3%) had triple infection. All-cause mortality was higher in participants with triple infection (adjusted hazard ratio 1·90, 95% CI 1·53–2·37) and HCV co-infection (1·46, 1·25–1·70) than in those with HIV only, but not in those with HBV co-infection (1·06, 0·89–1·26). People with triple infection were also more likely to have virological failure (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1·26, 95% CI 1·02–1·56) than were those with HIV only, whereas the difference was not significant for those with HBV co-infection (0·93, 0·80–1·10) or HCV co-infection (1·10, 0·97–1·26). No co-infection was significantly associated with a difference in CD4 cell count after 1 year of treatment. Loss to follow-up was more common among participants with triple infection (OR 1·37, 95% CI 1·16–1·62) and HCV co-infection (1·30, 1·17–1·45), but not HBV co-infection (0·93, 0·82–1·05), than among those with HIV only. Interpretation Screening for viral hepatitis is important in individuals diagnosed as HIV positive. Effective management for viral hepatitis should be integrated into HIV treatment programmes. Long-term data are needed about the effect of hepatitis co-infection on HIV disease progression. Funding The National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection among HIV Positive Patients in Nigeria

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Egyptian HIV-Infected Patients with Isolated Anti-HBc

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Egyptian HIV-Infected Patients with Isolated Anti-HBc

A Retrospective Hospital Based Study In Kathmandu to Assess the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus

HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus co-infection in patients in the China National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program, 2010–12: a retrospective observational cohort study

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