Occlusion shadows: using projected light to generate realistic occlusion effects for view-dependent optical see-through displays

Bimber, Oliver; Fröhlich, Bernd

doi:10.1109/ismar.2002.1115088

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…At the ISMAR conference, researchers use both OST HMDs [10][45] [47][61] and VST HMDs [82]. For OST HMDs, one of the main challenges is the generation of correct occlusion effects between virtual and real objects [3].…”

Section: 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bimber and Fröhlich [10] showed a method that produced correct occlusion effects by projecting shadows onto real objects located behind virtual ones using projector-based illumination. Olwal et al [61] presented a novel auto-stereoscopic OST system, where a transparent holographic optical element (HOE) was used to separate the views from two digital projectors.…”

Section: 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a variety of projection-based display techniques proposed for displaying graphical information directly on real objects or even daily surfaces in everyday life. Bimber and Fröhlich [10] presented projector illumination techniques for creating correct occlusion effects with view-dependent OST displays. In this way, they combined the merits of projectors and OST displays.…”

Section: 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, HMDs may deal not well with supporting multiple users. As an example, the shadow generated in the real surface especially for observer A might also be viewed by observer B if this real surface can be visible from multiple perspectives [10].…”

Section: Ar Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Trends in augmented reality tracking, interaction and display: A review of ten years of ISMAR

Zhou

Duh

Billinghurst

2008

2008 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality

445

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Although Augmented Reality technology was first developed over forty years ago, there has been little survey work giving an overview of recent research in the field. This paper reviews the tenyear development of the work presented at the ISMAR conference and its predecessors with a particular focus on tracking, interaction and display research. It provides a roadmap for future augmented reality research which will be of great value to this relatively young field, and also for helping researchers decide which topics should be explored when they are beginning their own studies in the area.

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Section: 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ar Displaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Trends in augmented reality tracking, interaction and display: A review of ten years of ISMAR

Zhou

Duh

Billinghurst

2008

2008 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality

445

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bimber uses occlusion shadows to augment a dinosaur skull with virtual muscles and bones [5]. Yet, the virtual bones and muscles are not substitutes of the real structures but rather additions to them.…”

Section: Figure 1: Fender With Augmented Construction Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmented reality as a comparison tool in automotive industry

Nölle

Klinker²

2006

2006 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality

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Augmented reality (AR) can be used in the automotive industry to compare real parts of a car with their associated construction data. The real parts have to be checked whether they correspond to the latest version of the design and whether they have been manufactured with appropriate precision. With AR, CAD construction data can be superimposed on the real parts striving for maximum correspondence. The real and the virtual part should both be visible at the same time and in the same place. Therefore, for this kind of overlay, a special method of augmentation is needed. We present and discuss some visualization schemes.

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A switched emissive transparent display with controllable per‐pixel opacity

Smithwick

2016

J Soc Info Display

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An emissive transparent display with per-pixel opacity employs rapid synchronized switching of a transparent display and transparent backlight between content with a scattering luminous backlight, and masks with a clear unlit backlight. A 144 fps transparent LCD panel is used in conjunction with a transparent backlight and controllably diffusive smartglass screen. The display is capable of producing opaque emissive content on a transparent field for novel display and compact spatial augmented reality applications.Author Keywords transparent display; opaque; emissive; switching; transparent backlight ObjectiveMany futuristic display concepts from action and sci-fi movies involve transparent displays with colorfully emissive yet opaque content; we have interest in physically creating such displays. Such a display would also be useful in allowing synthetic characters to be placed amongst physical objects a real-world scene, i.e. a compact Pepper's Ghost. In these cases, the ability to control opacity in a transparent display is important, otherwise the content or character would be also appear semi-transparent and low contrast against bright busy background environments.Practical implementation of such a display is difficult since each pixel of such a display would need not only a color, e.g. R: red, G: green, B:blue components, and emissive luminance/brightness, e.g. R,G,B= [0, 1, ... , 255], but also an absorption/opacity, e.g. α= [0,1, ..., 255]. This would be considered a color transparent emissive display with real-world optical alpha (or per-pixel variable transparency). Current displays' pixels control only two out of the three variables. For example, the pixels of a transparent LCD panel vary color and opacity, but not emissive luminance; LCD panels to not generate their own light. Similarly, transparent OLEDs may vary color and luminance, but do not control opacity; OLEDs do not modulate background light. As a result, content displayed on current transparent displays are low-contrast and semi-transparent. We need pixels that can vary in color, luminance and opacity (e.g.RGBα), and the display must be able to accept such four data component signals (or six data component with an independent alpha channel for each color channel). Typical video signals have only three data components (RGB).Since common displays are only able to control two out of the three desired variables of luminance, color and opacity, we temporally multiplex opaque-emissive content (color and luminance) and transparency with absorbing masks (color and transparency). We employ rapid synchronized switching of a transparent LCD display and transparent backlight between displayed content with scattering-luminous backlight, and displayed mask with a transparent -nonluminous backlight states. To implement this scheme, a 120 fps (or greater) transparent LCD panel can be used in conjunction with a variety of transparent backlights. BackgroundWe have previously presented displays which can control each pixel's color, luminance, and opacity...

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Occlusion shadows: using projected light to generate realistic occlusion effects for view-dependent optical see-through displays

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 42 publications

References 10 publications

Trends in augmented reality tracking, interaction and display: A review of ten years of ISMAR

Trends in augmented reality tracking, interaction and display: A review of ten years of ISMAR

Augmented reality as a comparison tool in automotive industry

A switched emissive transparent display with controllable per‐pixel opacity

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