Obtainment of embryogenic cell suspensions from scalps of the banana CIEN-BTA-03 (Musa sp., AAAA) and regeneration of the plants

Abstract

Abbreviations: 2.4-D: 2.4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid BA: benzyladenine CE: conversion of embryos CNEC: compact non-embryogenic calluses ECS: embryogenic cell suspension ES: explants with scalps IAA: indoleacetic acid ME: mature embryos MM: maturation medium MS: Murashige and Skoog medium NECS: non-embryogenic cell suspension NNEC: nodular non-embryogenic calluses NS: number of scalps cm-2 of the multiple meristem mass. PSE: primary somatic embryos SCV: sedimented cell volumen VP: percentages of vitroplants thus obtained. The purposes of this work were to obtain embryogenic cell suspensions (ECS) from scalps and to regenerate plants of the banana CIEN-BTA-03. Shoot apexes were grown in the scalp-induction medium of Murashige and Skoog plus BA and IAA, following four diverse treatments. The first two, ME22 and ME25, were solid media supplemented with (mg L-1) 22.7 BA plus 0.192 IAA, and 25 BA plus 0.217 IAA, respectively, all containing 1.8 g L-1 of phytagel, and subcultures were performed monthly and bimonthly over 16 months. The other two treatments, IT22 and IT25, resembled ME22 and ME25 but consisted in temporary immersion for four months without subcultures, followed by two *Corresponding author months in solid media. The scalps were grown in callusinduction medium and embryogenic calluses were obtained with abundant somatic embryos, especially in scalps from IT25. About 10 to 15 embryos from each were transferred to 5 ml of multiplication medium to initiate the ECS. The scalps obtained from the IT25 treatment were the most successful as they led to ECS with high embryogenic capability. In addition, IT25 decreased the timespan required for the production of scalps. The obtained ECS gave rise to secondary somatic embryos. It showed a high multiplication index, as well as numerous mature somatic embryos, and good conversion of embryos and plant regeneration.

Scalp Induction Rate Responses to Cytokinins on Proliferating Shoot-Tips of Banana Cultivars (<i>Musa</i> spp.)

“…Plants regenerated from shoot tip culture have been shown to perform identically well or even better than those from conventional vegetative propagation under field conditions (Vuylsteke and Ortiz, 1996;Pua, 2007). Scalp which has been reported by many researchers is consisted of several fleshy bulbous structures producing tiny white tissues and looks like cauliflower (Dhed'a et al, 1991;Villalobos and Garcia, 2008;Sholi et al, 2009) possessing a highly proliferating ability as a good source for embryogenesis and providing embryogenic cell suspensions (Dhed'a et al, 1991;Strosse et al, 2004). Dhed'a et al (1991) expressed that the scalp is the resultant of converted shoot tips into compact clumps of meristematic buds.…”