Obstetric Outcomes of Pregnant Women with Eclampsia

Abstract

Introduction: Over half a million women die each year from pregnancy-related causes, 99% in low and middle-income countries. In many low-income countries, complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death amongst women of reproductive years. Overall, 10% to 15% of direct maternal deaths are associated with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, where maternal mortality is high; most deaths are attributable to eclampsia, rather than pre- eclampsia. This study aimed to analyze the obstetric outcomes of pregnant women with eclampsia. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology in Uttara Adhunik Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh for 6 months; from June 2019- November 2019. A total of 50 subjects were included in this study. Informed written consent was taken from the study subjects. Data was collected using a pre-formed data sheet. Data processing and analysis were done by using SPSS version 17. All patients underwent necessary investigations. All information was kept confidential and used only for this study purpose. The ethical Clearance Certificate was obtained from Bangladesh Medical College. Result: In this study, most of the patients (30, 60.0%) belong to the age group of 18- 25 years, followed by 12 patients (24.0%) were from the>35 years age group and the rest 08 (16.0%) patients belonged to 26-35 years, age group. Most of the patients (35, 70.0%) were nulliparous followed by multiparous (15, 30.0%). Maximum respondents (26, 52.0%) developed seizures at the antepartum stage, followed by 18 patients (36.0%) at the intrapartum stage and the rest 03 (6.0%) patients developed seizures at the postpartum stage. Concerning complications, maximum patients (08, 16.0%) suffered from hemorrhage, followed by anemia (7, 14.0%), abruptio placenta (6, 12.0%), sepsis (5, 10.0%), obstructed labor (4, 8.0%). Regarding maternal and fetal outcomes in eclampsia, this study revealed satisfactory outcomes in 37 (74.0%) patients with prompt actions taken during the condition. However, perinatal death occurred in 2 (4.0%) cases, and maternal death occurred in 1 (2.0%) case. Preterm delivery was done on 10 (20.0%) patients. Conclusion: Obstetric outcome was somewhat satisfactory in this study due to immediate diagnosis and actions taken during eclampsia, however, perinatal death occurred in 2 (4.0%) cases and maternal death occurred in 1 (2.0%) case and 10 (20.0%) cases underwent preterm delivery.