Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Among Children in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: Clinical, Cognitive, and Brain Connectivity Correlates

Pagliaccio, David; Durham, Katherine; Fitzgerald, Kate D.; Marsh, Rachel

doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.10.019

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…In our study, reduced PCC-SPL connectivity in the patient group may reflect abnormal DMN-DAN connectivity, as an index of the biased attention toward internal processing (at the detriment of external processing) that is characteristic of maladaptive SFA, which is consistent with two recent studies in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder showing similar DMN-DAN functional connectivity disruptions ( Cyr et al. , 2020 ; Pagliaccio et al. , 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Maladaptive self-focused attention and default mode network connectivity: a transdiagnostic investigation across social anxiety and body dysmorphic disorders

Fang

Baran

Beatty

et al. 2021

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Maladaptive self-focused attention (SFA) is a bias toward internal thoughts, feelings, and physical states. Despite its role as a core maintaining factor of symptoms in cognitive theories of social anxiety and body dysmorphic disorders, studies have not examined its neural basis. In this study, we hypothesized that maladaptive SFA would be associated with hyperconnectivity in the default mode network (DMN) in self-focused patients with these disorders. Thirty patients with primary social anxiety disorder or primary body dysmorphic disorder, and 28 healthy individuals were eligible and scanned. Eligibility was determined by scoring greater than 1SD or below 1SD of the Public Self-Consciousness Scale normative mean, respectively, for each group. Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity was computed using a DMN posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) seed. There was no evidence of increased DMN functional connectivity in patients compared to controls. Patients (regardless of diagnosis) showed reduced functional connectivity of the PCC with several brain regions, including the bilateral superior parietal lobule (SPL), compared to controls, which was inversely correlated with maladaptive SFA but not associated with social anxiety, body dysmorphic, or depression severity, or rumination. Abnormal PCC-SPL connectivity may represent a transdiagnostic neural marker of SFA that reflects difficulty shifting between internal versus external attention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Maladaptive self-focused attention and default mode network connectivity: a transdiagnostic investigation across social anxiety and body dysmorphic disorders

Fang

Baran

Beatty

et al. 2021

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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“…The superior parietal lobule is considered a component of the dorsal attention network (DAN), together with the frontal eye fields and intraparietal sulcus, which become activated during directed attention (55). In our study, reduced PCC-superior parietal lobule connectivity may reflect abnormal DMN-DAN connectivity, as an index of the biased attention toward internal processing (at the detriment of external processing) that is characteristic of maladaptive SFA, which is consistent with two recent studies in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder showing similar DMN-DAN functional connectivity disruptions (58-59). However, our finding contrasts with prior literature showing that the DMN and DAN are typically anticorrelated networks, as we found weak or slightly positive DMN-DAN connectivity in controls and negative DMN-DAN connectivity in patients (as shown in Figure 1B).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Maladaptive Self-Focused Attention and Default Mode Network Connectivity: A Transdiagnostic Investigation Across Social Anxiety and Body Dysmorphic Disorders

Fang

Baran

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Maladaptive self-focused attention (SFA) is a bias toward internal thoughts, feelings, and physical states. Despite its role as a core maintaining factor of symptoms in cognitive theories of social anxiety and body dysmorphic disorders, studies have not examined its neural basis. We hypothesized that maladaptive SFA would be associated with hyperconnectivity in the default mode network (DMN) in self-focused patients with these disorders. Methods: Thirty patients and 28 healthy individuals were eligible and scanned. Eligibility was determined by scoring greater than 1SD or below 1SD of the Public Self-Consciousness Scale normative mean, respectively, for each group. Fifteen patients had primary social anxiety disorder and 15 had primary body dysmorphic disorder. Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity was computed using a DMN posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) seed. Results: Patients (regardless of diagnosis) showed reduced functional connectivity of the PCC with several brain regions, including the bilateral superior parietal lobule (SPL), bilateral insula, cingulate cortex, and postcentral gyrus, compared to controls. PCC-SPL connectivity was inversely correlated with maladaptive SFA in patients but was not associated with social anxiety or body dysmorphic symptom severity, depression severity, or rumination. There was no evidence of increased functional connectivity within the DMN in patients compared to controls. Conclusions: As the SPL is part of the dorsal attention network, which is typically activated during tasks requiring externally-oriented attention, abnormal PCC-SPL connectivity in patients may reflect difficulty shifting between internal versus external attention, and may represent a transdiagnostic neural marker of maladaptive SFA that could be targeted in interventions.

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“…Our finding associating OCD symptoms severity with abnormal parietal functional connectivity is consistent with previous findings: ( Rus et al, 2017 ) found a negative association between OCD symptom severity and the structural integrity of white matter tracts connecting the amygdala with a cluster in the parieto-occipital cortex. From the perspective of DMN-DAN aberration; OCD symptoms severity among children was associated with weaker DAN-DMN connectivity ( Pagliaccio et al, 2021 ). In another study ( Kim et al, 2020 ), non-medicated OCD participants presented reduced connectivity between the DAN and the DMN during a planning task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional connectivity alterations between default mode network and occipital cortex in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Geffen

Smallwood

Finke

et al. 2022

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Among Children in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: Clinical, Cognitive, and Brain Connectivity Correlates

Cited by 18 publications

References 89 publications

Maladaptive self-focused attention and default mode network connectivity: a transdiagnostic investigation across social anxiety and body dysmorphic disorders

Maladaptive self-focused attention and default mode network connectivity: a transdiagnostic investigation across social anxiety and body dysmorphic disorders

Maladaptive Self-Focused Attention and Default Mode Network Connectivity: A Transdiagnostic Investigation Across Social Anxiety and Body Dysmorphic Disorders

Functional connectivity alterations between default mode network and occipital cortex in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

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