Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in a Birth Cohort of 18-Year-Olds: Prevalence and Predictors

Douglass, Heidi M.; Moffitt, Terrie E.; Dar, Reuven; McGee, Rob; Silva, Philip J.

doi:10.1097/00004583-199511000-00008

Cited by 312 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Notwithstanding, other authors have described slightly higher rates, of up to 4.2%. 28,29 The latter studies were designed to investigate the presence of OCD in the past year and lifetime OCD, respectively (both included college students), and the age of participants was higher than in our sample. Other studies, in turn, have reported lower rates, e.g., the first epidemiological study on the prevalence of OCD among adolescents, by Flament et al, 30 which estimated a 1% prevalence of the disorder at the time of evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

Vivan

Rodrigues

Wendt

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and disorder (OCD) among adolescents and to describe OCD characteristics according to gender. Methods: Participants were selected by cluster sampling at seven high-schools in southern Brazil. In the first stage, 2,323 students were screened for OCS; in the second stage, adolescents scoring o 21 on the OCI-R scale were individually interviewed. OCD diagnosis was established using a semistructured interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children: Present and Lifetime Version --K-SADS-PL).Results: The past-month estimated prevalence of OCS was 18.3%, and the point estimated prevalence of OCD, 3.3%. Girls showed higher scores (OCS: 24.8 vs. 14.4%; OCD: 4.9 vs. 1.4%; p , 0.001). Only 9.3% of OCD adolescents had been diagnosed and 6.7% received treatment. The most frequent/severe DY-BOCS dimensions were miscellaneous (86.7%; mean score 6.363.8) and symmetry (85.3%; 5.963.8). Female OCD adolescents predominantly showed depression (p = 0.032), and male adolescents, tic disorders (p = 0.006). Conclusions: OCD is underdiagnosed in adolescents, and few are treated. Future studies should investigate the relationship between OCS and the onset of OCD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

Vivan

Rodrigues

Wendt

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…Before the widespread use of psychometric measures to assess intellectual functioning, psychiatrists had assumed that patients with OCD were of superior intelligence (Lewis, 1936), an assumption that was supported by earlier studies (Eysenck, 1947;Ingram, 1961 In the study by Douglass et al (1995), three WISC-R IQ scores obtained at ages 7, 9 and 11 were summed to create a cumulative index of IQ. Although the OCD group had the highest mean IQ score, this finding was not significantly different from the psychologically healthy control group, the conduct disorder group, or the mixed anxiety/depressive disorder group.…”

Section: Intelligence Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, Douglass et al (1995) reported that, at age 15, individuals with OCD reported using psychoactive substances of abuse (alcohol, cannabis, illegal drugs other than cannabis, or glue) significantly more often than a populationbased healthy group and a depressed/anxious group, but not more than a conduct disorder group. Similarly, Nelson and Rice (1997) suggested that, when alcohol abuse/dependence and OCD coexist in the initial assessment, the temporal stability of the diagnosis of OCD is higher.…”

Section: Substance Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

The analytical epidemiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder: Risk factors and correlates

Fontenelle

Hasler²

2008

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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In this qualitative systematic review, we evaluate studies of the demographic, innate, and environmental risk factors and correlates associated with the development of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in epidemiological samples. We found that a significant proportion of the studies indicate that late adolescence is a period of increased vulnerability for the development of OCD; that OCD affects predominantly female adults and male children and adolescents; that those who are unmarried or abusing drugs are more likely to present with OCD; that OCD is a familial and genetic disorder, particularly when one considers symptom dimensions instead of categorical diagnosis and when the disorder begins at an early age; and that individuals with OCD from the community, like those seen in clinical settings, may be especially prone to present psychiatric conditions such as mood and anxiety disorders. Although there are plenty of data on the correlates and risk factors of OCD in epidemiological samples, more research is needed on other potential risk factors, including obstetrical and pregnancy problems, pre-morbid neurocognitive functioning, and streptococcal infections, among others.

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“…Recent epidemiological studies suggest that it affects around 1.9-3.2% of the adult population and may have a 1-year prevalence rate of up to 4% in late adolescence [13]. Follow-up studies have shown that it has a chronic relapsing course such that 50% of adult patients report their first symptoms in childhood or adolescence and 50% of patients with OCD in adolescence will continue to suffer disabling effects from OCD in adulthood [2,8,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents

Williams

Šalkovskis

Forrester

et al. 2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for young people with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has become the treatment of first choice. However, the literature is largely based on studies emphasising exposure and response prevention. In this study, we report on a randomised controlled trial of CBT for young people carried out in typical outpatient clinic conditions which focused on cognitions. A randomised controlled trial compares 10 sessions of manualised cognitive behavioural treatment with a 12-week waiting list for adolescents and children with OCD. Assessors were blind to treatment allocation. 21 consecutive patients with OCD aged between 9 and 18 years were recruited. The group who received treatment improved more than a comparison group who waited for 3 months. The second group was treated subsequently using the same protocol and made similar gains. In conclusion, CBT can be delivered effectively to young people with OCD in typical outpatient settings.

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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in a Birth Cohort of 18-Year-Olds: Prevalence and Predictors

Cited by 312 publications

References 25 publications

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

The analytical epidemiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder: Risk factors and correlates

A randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents

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