Observing the bony canal structure of the human maxillary sinus in Japanese cadavers using cone beam CT

Abstract

Summary:We observed the location of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) and nerve at the macroscopic level between the maxillary sinus (MS) and surrounding bone of the anterior region of the maxilla. This study was completed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of 19 human cadavers with 38 sides of Japanese origin (ranging in age from 59-94 years, mean 77.7 ± 9.8 years) that were prepared for this study. The bony canal structure of the inner surface of the maxilla was clearly apparent in our results, and the bony canals were classified into three types according to the structure along the course of the PSAA: canal-like, ditch-shaped tunnel and fragmented, and the lest sides were undefined.Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-positive fibers were identified along the PSAA in the bony canal of the maxilla by immunohistochemistry. The presence of the bony structure and CGRP-positive nerve fibers along the PSAA suggests that there is risk to the PSAA during surgery involving graft implant in the floor of the maxillary sinus.

Detection of the posterior superior alveolar artery in the lateral sinus wall using computed tomography/cone beam computed tomography: a prevalence meta-analysis study and systematic review

“…22 Four papers presented data obtained from the same series of cadaveric material: Solar et al 11 and Traxler et al 23 ; and Yoshida et al 24 and Sato. 25 Another study, aiming to identify the branches of the maxillary artery, did not provide information on the prevalence within the sinus lateral bony wall. 26 One more report was discarded because it reported surgical information from a series of cadaveric material, 13 and five articles describing a prevalence of 100% of PSAA within the sinus wall, based on anatomical dissections, were also excluded from this metaanalysis 6,7,11,25,27 (Table 1).…”

“…25 Another study, aiming to identify the branches of the maxillary artery, did not provide information on the prevalence within the sinus lateral bony wall. 26 One more report was discarded because it reported surgical information from a series of cadaveric material, 13 and five articles describing a prevalence of 100% of PSAA within the sinus wall, based on anatomical dissections, were also excluded from this metaanalysis 6,7,11,25,27 (Table 1). Finally, another paper was discarded because CT scans were performed to investigate sinus disorders.…”

Evaluation of the Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

“…In this study voxel size of 0.1 mm was used. In previous studies Yoshida et al and Sato et al used voxel sizes of 0.1 mm [12,13], while Ilgüy et al [5] used 0.2-mm voxel size.…”

Radiographic evaluation of the superior alveolar canal: measurements of its diameter and of its position in relation to the maxillary sinus floor: a cone beam computerized tomography study

“…Even though the artery contents of the superior alveolar canal is of the main interest of the implant surgeon, it has been shown that the canal also hosts numerous nerve fibers, possibly contributing to postoperative discomfort after sinus graft procedures (Sato et al. ). However, the contrast resolution of the CBCT imaging modality does not allow for differentiation of the contents of the canal.…”