Observations on traditional usage of ethnomedicinal plants in humans and animals of Kangra and Chamba districts of Himachal Pradesh in North-Western Himalaya, India
“…On the basis of citations major use category digestive system was largest (534) followed by reproductive (308); fever (289); Galactagouse (254): Dermatosis (230) and lowest one was circulatory system (4) in Figure-4. In conformity with this, a similar type of study has been reported where digestive system having highest citations by Thakur et al, (2016) …”
Section: Major Use Category Of Ethno-veterinarysupporting
confidence: 78%
“…Similar thoughts have been mentioned from different parts of India by (Thakur et al, 2016;Kumar and Bharti 2013;Parthiban et al, 2016). It has been found that the ailments (13) pertaining to digestive system were most common for which maximum plants (n= 65) being harvested by the local people for the preparation of traditional medicine and this category had been most frequently cited one (534 times) followed by other ailments., It might be due to contaminated food chain and large number of micro-organisms (Fungi and Bacteria) associated with grasses and soil component o which majority of livestock survives.…”
Section: Treatmentssupporting
confidence: 62%
“…In principle, maximum fidelity level (100%) indicates that all of the use reports cited by the all informants mentioned the same method for using the plant for treatment (Srithi et. al., 2009, Thakur et al, 2016. In present study, thirty-four plant species were found with having of to have hundred percent fidelity level ( Table-1), whereas, three plants were applied to cure prolapsed uterus, three digestion problems, three to regain successful pregnancy after conception, four to increase milk production, three to cure fever, two used for removal of placenta, two for bone fracture and others for curing other different ailments had the maximum hundred percent fidelity level.…”
Section: Fidelity Level and Factor Informant Consensusmentioning
confidence: 60%
“…In Himachal Pradesh, Thakur et al, (2016) documented 74 plant species of Kangra and Chamba district used to cure 22 different ailments of Human and animals, few species were reported to cure livestock. In the foot hills of Shivalik region, residents of Gujjar community have used 35 plant species to increase milk production of their livestock (Rawat and Kharwal, 2010).…”
Traditional medicines have been playing significant role in livestock health care management since long especially in remote area. This paper is based on a field survey conducted to collect information for curing different ailments utilized by local people and tribals in the Hamirpur district, Himachal Pradesh. Total 541 households were interviewed involved as informants with fully prepared questionnaires; proper interaction along with group discussion. Information were collected from the selected sites regarding way to cure different ailments of animals which was further analyzed for the authenticity of data through different statistical quantitative indices. We found total 121 plant species belonging to 61 families that have been documented to be of common use for curing 78 different types of livestock. Total ailments were categorized into fifteen major categories based on the body organ systems of livestock. The highest number of ethno-medicinal plants were recorded from family Fabaceae followed by Asteraceae and other families. Leaves were the most commonly used part of the plant for the preparation of ethno-medicinal medicines followed by other plant parts. Achyranthes aspera, Acorus calamus, Pogostemon benghalensis are the most important plants used to cure different ailments on the basis of use value index. On the basis of Informant Consensus factor (FIC), diseases related to digestive system, reproductive system, respiratory and fever were considered as major ailments in the livestock. In conclusion, we found in this study that most of the plants are widely used to cure different ailments as reported previously by different workers. However, on the first hand, many new findings to cure different ailments of livestock have been found during this survey indicating need for conducting more studies to get valuable information from the local community which are not documented yet. It was also found that indigenous people have excellent information with respect to ethnoecological aspect. There is an urgent need to study and document the traditional uses before they are disappeared from the society or community and further study must be integrated with qualitative and quantatitative data to assess importance of plants for ethno-veterinery purposes.
“…On the basis of citations major use category digestive system was largest (534) followed by reproductive (308); fever (289); Galactagouse (254): Dermatosis (230) and lowest one was circulatory system (4) in Figure-4. In conformity with this, a similar type of study has been reported where digestive system having highest citations by Thakur et al, (2016) …”
Section: Major Use Category Of Ethno-veterinarysupporting
confidence: 78%
“…Similar thoughts have been mentioned from different parts of India by (Thakur et al, 2016;Kumar and Bharti 2013;Parthiban et al, 2016). It has been found that the ailments (13) pertaining to digestive system were most common for which maximum plants (n= 65) being harvested by the local people for the preparation of traditional medicine and this category had been most frequently cited one (534 times) followed by other ailments., It might be due to contaminated food chain and large number of micro-organisms (Fungi and Bacteria) associated with grasses and soil component o which majority of livestock survives.…”
Section: Treatmentssupporting
confidence: 62%
“…In principle, maximum fidelity level (100%) indicates that all of the use reports cited by the all informants mentioned the same method for using the plant for treatment (Srithi et. al., 2009, Thakur et al, 2016. In present study, thirty-four plant species were found with having of to have hundred percent fidelity level ( Table-1), whereas, three plants were applied to cure prolapsed uterus, three digestion problems, three to regain successful pregnancy after conception, four to increase milk production, three to cure fever, two used for removal of placenta, two for bone fracture and others for curing other different ailments had the maximum hundred percent fidelity level.…”
Section: Fidelity Level and Factor Informant Consensusmentioning
confidence: 60%
“…In Himachal Pradesh, Thakur et al, (2016) documented 74 plant species of Kangra and Chamba district used to cure 22 different ailments of Human and animals, few species were reported to cure livestock. In the foot hills of Shivalik region, residents of Gujjar community have used 35 plant species to increase milk production of their livestock (Rawat and Kharwal, 2010).…”
Traditional medicines have been playing significant role in livestock health care management since long especially in remote area. This paper is based on a field survey conducted to collect information for curing different ailments utilized by local people and tribals in the Hamirpur district, Himachal Pradesh. Total 541 households were interviewed involved as informants with fully prepared questionnaires; proper interaction along with group discussion. Information were collected from the selected sites regarding way to cure different ailments of animals which was further analyzed for the authenticity of data through different statistical quantitative indices. We found total 121 plant species belonging to 61 families that have been documented to be of common use for curing 78 different types of livestock. Total ailments were categorized into fifteen major categories based on the body organ systems of livestock. The highest number of ethno-medicinal plants were recorded from family Fabaceae followed by Asteraceae and other families. Leaves were the most commonly used part of the plant for the preparation of ethno-medicinal medicines followed by other plant parts. Achyranthes aspera, Acorus calamus, Pogostemon benghalensis are the most important plants used to cure different ailments on the basis of use value index. On the basis of Informant Consensus factor (FIC), diseases related to digestive system, reproductive system, respiratory and fever were considered as major ailments in the livestock. In conclusion, we found in this study that most of the plants are widely used to cure different ailments as reported previously by different workers. However, on the first hand, many new findings to cure different ailments of livestock have been found during this survey indicating need for conducting more studies to get valuable information from the local community which are not documented yet. It was also found that indigenous people have excellent information with respect to ethnoecological aspect. There is an urgent need to study and document the traditional uses before they are disappeared from the society or community and further study must be integrated with qualitative and quantatitative data to assess importance of plants for ethno-veterinery purposes.
BackgroundEthnomedicinal knowledge of the Indian Himalayas is very interesting because of the wide range of medicinal plants used in traditional medical practice. However, there is a danger of knowledge being lost because the knowledge sharing is very limited and passed on orally. The present study is the first ethnomedicinal study in Jakholi area of Rudraprayag district of Northwestern India. The aim of present study was to identify traditional medicinal plants used by the inhabitants to treat different ailments and document the associated knowledge of these medicinal plants.MethodsAn ethnomedicinal survey was carried out in 72 of 133 villages and alpine pastures of Jakholi block (800–4000 m asl). Door to door surveys and group discussions, applying semi-structured questionnaires were conducted with traditional healers and villagers in local language (Garhwali). Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) was computed to analyse collected ethnomedicinal data.ResultsA total of 78 species (Gymnosperms 3 species, Monocotyledons 12 and 63 Dicotyledons) belonging to 73 genera in 46 families were identified to treat 14 different ailments categories. Most dominant family is Asteraceae (5 species). In disease treated categories, Diseases of the skin (DE) have the highest proportion (29.55%) followed by Gastro- intestinal disorder (GA) (25.89%). The most life form of plants used was herb (56%) followed by tree (23%) while root was the most frequently used part of the plants and the traditional preparation was mainly applied in the form of paste (37%). The highest ICF value (0.99) was found for hair ailments (HA) followed ophthalmologic complaints (OP) and mental afflictions (MA) (0.98).ConclusionsThe present study provides valuable information about traditional knowledge of medicinal plants of Jakholi Block in the Northwestern Himalaya, India. Local communities still possess large traditional knowledge of plants and their therapeutic uses and that the link of that traditional knowledge to modern research could be of importance for the isolation of new phytotherapeutic compounds leading to the development of novel therapeutic active agents. Some of the ethnomedicinal plants are facing high threats and are becoming rare, and conservation initiatives are needed to conserve them for sustainable management in the region.
Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (Apiaceae), commonly known as “Ajwain” is distributed throughout India. Ajwain fruits contain fiber, carbohydrates, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins. The fruits also yield a small amount of essential oil, with Thymol as the principal constituent. Ajwain has various pharmacological activities like anti‐leishmanial, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antispasmodic, nematocidal, and anthelmintic. The fruits are of high therapeutic value; thus, it becomes quite essential to evaluate the quality of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague to authenticate and ensure its therapeutic and nutritional properties. The ethyl acetate fraction of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague fruits exhibited the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content values of 149.55 ± 1.19 mg rutin equivalent and 682.85 ± 3.68 mg gallic acid equivalent, respectively. Metabolite profiling of the ethyl acetate fraction using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis resulted in identifying 19 phytomolecules. A validated high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography method was developed to quantify standard phytomolecules in the ethyl acetate fraction. The highest and lowest percentages of phytomarker were found to be caffeic acid (5.51% ± 0.16% w/w) and gallic acid (1.29% ± 0.09% w/w), respectively. This validated rapid, accurate, and precise method for standardization of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague will be beneficial for its quality evaluation as well as the derived products.
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