Observations on the history of Dutch physical stature from the late-Middle Ages to the present

Beer, Hans de

doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2003.11.001

Cited by 38 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the mideighteenth century, the average height of Dutch (military) men was approximately 165 cm. This was well below the average for other European populations, and very much shorter than the average height of men in the United States, who towered over the Dutch by 5-8 cm [1][2][3]. Dutch men are now the tallest in the world, having grown by approximately 20 cm over the last 150 years [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Dutch superiority in height has been attributed to various environmental factors, including nutrition, particularly the heavy consumption of dairy products [6,8], and low levels of social inequality, with the provision of high-quality, universal healthcare [1]. By contrast, the United States has experienced growing levels of social inequality over the last 150 years, despite equivalent (if not higher) levels of overall wealth compared with The Netherlands [2,9,10], and these may be responsible for the much smaller increase in average height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does natural selection favour taller stature among the tallest people on earth?

et al. 2015

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The Dutch are the tallest people on earth. Over the last 200 years, they have grown 20 cm in height: a rapid rate of increase that points to environmental causes. This secular trend in height is echoed across all Western populations, but came to an end, or at least levelled off, much earlier than in The Netherlands. One possibility, then, is that natural selection acted congruently with these environmentally induced changes to further promote tall stature among the people of the lowlands. Using data from the LifeLines study, which follows a large sample of the population of the north of The Netherlands (n ¼ 94 516), we examined how height was related to measures of reproductive success (as a proxy for fitness). Across three decades , height was consistently related to reproductive output (number of children born and number of surviving children), favouring taller men and average height women. This was despite a later age at first birth for taller individuals. Furthermore, even in this low-mortality population, taller women experienced higher child survival, which contributed positively to their increased reproductive success. Thus, natural selection in addition to good environmental conditions may help explain why the Dutch are so tall.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does natural selection favour taller stature among the tallest people on earth?

et al. 2015

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“…This will cause the meaningful information given by the three unoccluded cameras to be lost. To solve this problem, the system detects the camera or cameras with polyhedron height results outside ofa reasonable lower bound for the human height (i.e., 1.5-1.8m [52]). …”

Section: Occlusion Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elimination of the fourth camera was based on the comparison ofthe height of polyhedron given by the combination of the four cameras. It was determined that including the results from the fourth camera will cause the constructed polyhedron to be of a height less than the normal human height which was set to I .2m (average human height is l.5-l.8m [52]). This results in a polyhedron floating in the air.…”

Section: Minimum Bounding Rectanglementioning

confidence: 99%

Markerless human tracking for industrial environments

Elshafie

Bone

2008

2008 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering

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This thesis presents a markerless multiple-camera vision-based 30 human tracking method for industrial environments. The method can track humans in the vicinity of moving robots without using skin color cues or articulated human models. It is robust to self-occlusions and to partial occlusions caused by the robot. Foreground pixels corresponding to humans are found by background subtraction. A convex polyhedron enclosing the human(s) is generated online by bounding the foreground pixels in 30 space. Experimental results are included for a single person and multiple persons walking near a moving PUMA robot in a cluttered environment. Reliable tracking at 11.2Hz is demonstrated using four cameras and a Pentium 4 PC. The tracking data may be used for online robot collision avoidance.iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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“…5 For corresponding conclusion, see Harris (1998). 6 For men's heights, see, among others, Drukker and Tassenaar, 1997;Tassenaar, 2000;de Beer, 2001;Maat, 2003;de Beer, 2004;Haines, 2004. 7 For the relation between the economic situation and food prices, see: see Knotter and Muskee (1986) food.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical stature and biological living standards of girls and young women in the Netherlands, born between 1815 and 1865

Beer

2010

The History of the Family

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This is the first study in Dutch anthropometric historiography that describes and analyzes the development of the biological standard of living of girls and young women from the perspective of female adult stature. It is shown that adult stature of women, imprisoned in the second half of the nineteenth century and born between 1815 and 1865, slightly increased, approximately 1 cm. From 1850 onwards stature of women born in the cities notably increased. Development of female adult stature was compared to that of male stature; both were quite similar. No circumstantial evidence was found that girls or young women were on a disadvantage with respect to nutrition and (medical) care.

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Observations on the history of Dutch physical stature from the late-Middle Ages to the present

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

Does natural selection favour taller stature among the tallest people on earth?

Does natural selection favour taller stature among the tallest people on earth?

Markerless human tracking for industrial environments

Physical stature and biological living standards of girls and young women in the Netherlands, born between 1815 and 1865

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