Observations on the Composition and Metabolism of Normal and Inflamed Gingivae

Dewar, Margaret R.

doi:10.1902/jop.1955.26.1.29

Cited by 48 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…From histochemical investigations, the normal non-inflamed gingival epithelium has been described either to be free frofn glycogen (Dewar 1955, Turesky, Glickman andLitwin 1951) or occasionally to contain small amounts of glycogen (Trott 1957, Morgenroth, Petermann and Pereling 1964. The correspondence between the degree of keratinization and the amount of glycogen deposited is not settled (Dewar 1955, Trott 1957. stated that in non-inflamed gingival epithelium keratinization and glycogen content are inversely related.…”

Section: Glycogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron microscopy of normal auman gingival epithelium

Schroeder

Theiiade

1966

J of Periodontal Research

152

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Biopsies of the labial part of normal gingival epithelium were obtained from 18 females (average age of 25 years) who had performed strict oral hygiene for two weeks or more. Standardized areas of the specimens were investigated electron microscopically. All specimens exhibited parakeratosis and were free from inflammatory cells. The optical basement membrane corresponded. to the basement lamina and an intermediate layer about 0.5 to 1 micron wide, containin various fibrils at random orientation. Cell junctions in each of the epithelial layers were typical desmosomes and maculae or zonulae occludentes. The intercellular space was interpreted to be closed from outside at the epithelial surface, subdivided into numerous compartments within all epithelial strata and open against the basement lamina. Glycogen was occasionally found in cells of the upper stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum only. The transition of cells into the stratum corneum was either abrupt or more gradual. Superficial to the stratum corneum, single or several cells of considerably less density were frequently observed. Melanocytes and Langerhans cells occurred interspersed between basal and spinous cells. The ultrastructural details are discussed with reference to the existing knowledge of other squamous epithelia.

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Section: Glycogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron microscopy of normal auman gingival epithelium

Schroeder

Theiiade

1966

J of Periodontal Research

152

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“…Relatively little is known about alterations of the individual PG species in periodontal disease. Early histochemical studies suggested both increases (Stahl et al, 1958;Quintarelli, 1960;Fullmer, 1961) and decreases (Dewar, 1955) in glycosaminoglycans in distinct areas of inflamed gingiva. Biochemical analyses have shown that glycosaminoglycans remain relatively unchanged in periodontal disease but that their protein core is degraded (Embery et al, 1979;Bartold and Page, 1986;Purvis ot al., 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Heparan Sulphate and Small Dermatan/Chondroitin Sulphate Proteoglycans in Chronically Inflamed Human Periodontium

Oksala¹,

Haapasalmi

Häkkinen

et al. 1997

J Dent Res

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Proteoglycans (PGs) function in regulating aspects of cell behavior, such as proliferation, adhesion, and migration. In this report, we investigated the localization of three heparan sulphate PGs (basement membrane [BM] heparan sulphate PG, CD44, and syndecan-1) and two small dermatan/chondroitin sulphate PGs (decorin and biglycan) in chronically inflamed human periodontium. Frozen sections were analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy. In inflamed tissue, BM heparan sulphate PG showed reduced immunostaining in subepithelial and subendothelial basement membrane. Loss of CD44 and syndecan-1 was common in epithelial cells of inflamed periodontal tissue. Suprabasal keratinocytes of epithelium expressed involucrin, a cornified envelope protein and marker for epithelial differentiation, while the expression of syndecan-1 was weak or absent. In contrast, expression of the mesenchymal variant of CD44 and syndecan-1 was strong in infiltrating lymphocytes. Small dermatan/chondroitin sulphate PGs, decorin and biglycan, were also present in markedly reduced amounts in the periodontal connective tissue in chronic inflammation. In addition, decorin localized in the connective tissue along short rod-like structures. The results suggest that proteoglycan-dependent intercellular adhesion of keratinocytes is decreased and that adhesion of lymphocytes to matrix molecules via cell surface PGs increased in chronic inflammation. Disappearance of adhesion-modulating small dermatan/chondroitin sulphate PGs may further regulate cell migration in inflamed periodontium.

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“…However, since the omasal epithelium is avascular, this appears somewhat unlikely: some local metabolic use would appear more probable. From many previous studies it has been suggested that there is an inverse relationship between keratinization of epithelial cells and the amount of glycogen in the epithelial cells [Dewar, 1955: Weiss et al, 1959: Susi, 1968, These authors have suggested that the glycogen may be re quired as a source of energy in the keratinization process, since the concentration of glycogen is lower in regions of the epithelium showing keratinization. Habel [1963] sug gested that epithelial glycogen may provide a source of energy for the growth of epithelial cells, and Troll [1967] and Lev and Weisberg [1969] have suggested that the presence of glycogen in the epithelium may be related to local anaerobic cellular metabolism, not necessarily for the formation of keratin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the omasum in sheep

Lubis¹,

O'Shea²

1978

Cells Tissues Organs

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Data are presented on the histogenesis of the omasal mucosa in sheep from the 2.5 cm crown-rump (c_:r) length fetus to the adult. 11 stages of fetal development, and 4 post-natal stages, were studied. The distribution of glycogen in the omasal epithelium was also studied. During fetal life the omasal epithelium was initially stratified cuboidal in type, but the superficial layers of cells became flattened in later stages of gestation. This epithelium became extremely thick by the late stages of fetal life, reaching a maximum of 358 µm, and consisting of > 20 layers of cells, in the 45 cm c-r fetus (approximatelay 140 days). After birth the epithelium became markedly reduced in thickness, being ≈ 77 µm in the adult, and had differentiated into a cornified stratified squamous epithelium of the adult type by 12 weeks after birth. Glycogen was extremely abundant in the omasal epithelium of the 2.5 cm fetus, and declined gradually thereafter to be almost completely absent in post-natal specimens. 4 orders of laminae were present in the adult omasum, distributed in the sequence 1–4–3–4–2–4–3–4–1. The 1st order was already present in fetuses of 2.5 cm c-r length, with the 2nd, 3rd and 4th appearing by the 3.5, 5.5 and 11.0 cm stages, respectively. Initial stages in the development of conical papillae were first seen in 15.0 cm fetuses, but the development of these papillae was not completed until after birth.

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Observations on the Composition and Metabolism of Normal and Inflamed Gingivae

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Electron microscopy of normal auman gingival epithelium

Electron microscopy of normal auman gingival epithelium

Expression of Heparan Sulphate and Small Dermatan/Chondroitin Sulphate Proteoglycans in Chronically Inflamed Human Periodontium

Development of the omasum in sheep

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