Observational Learning from a Radical-Behavioristic Viewpoint

Deguchi, Hikaru

doi:10.1007/bf03391892

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A number of experiments have shown that imitation may be occasioned by observing social reinforcers produced by modeled behavior (Bandura, 1965;Deguchi, 1984;Ollendick, Dailey, & Shapiro, 1983;Thelen & Rennie, 1972), suggesting that compliance with instructions may be occasioned by observing reinforced compliance. For the observer, an instance of reinforced compliance contains an instruction, compliance, its consequences, and perhaps an agent.…”

Section: Observation Of Reinforced Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination Theory of Rule‐governed Behavior

Cerutti

1989

J Exper Analysis Behavior

158

114

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In rule-governed behavior, previously established elementary discriminations are combined in complex instructions and thus result in complex behavior. Discriminative combining and recombining of responses produce behavior with characteristics differing from those of behavior that is established through the effects of its direct consequences. For example, responding in instructed discrimination may be occasioned by discriminative stimuli that are temporally and situationally removed from the circumstances under which the discrimination is instructed. The present account illustrates properties of rule-governed behavior with examples from research in instructional control and imitation learning. Units of instructed behavior, circumstances controlling compliance with instructions, and rule-governed problem solving are considered.

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Section: Observation Of Reinforced Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination Theory of Rule‐governed Behavior

Cerutti

1989

J Exper Analysis Behavior

158

114

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“…Socially discounted reinforcement may seem similar in some respects to vicarious reinforcement, in that the outcome's effects are observed rather than directly experienced (e.g., Bandura et al 1963;Deguchi 1984). Vicarious reinforcement has been proposed as a necessary component of observational learning (Bandura 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationality and illusion

Baron

2002

Behav Brain Sci

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Many situations in human life present choices between (a) narrowly preferred particular alternatives and (b) narrowly less preferred (or aversive) particular alternatives that nevertheless form part of highly preferred abstract behavioral patterns. Such alternatives characterize problems of self-control. For example, at any given moment, a person may accept alcoholic drinks yet also prefer being sober to being drunk over the next few days. Other situations present choices between (a) alternatives beneficial to an individual and (b) alternatives that are less beneficial (or harmful) to the individual that would nevertheless be beneficial if chosen by many individuals. Such alternatives characterize problems of social cooperation; choices of the latter alternative are generally considered to be altruistic. Altruism, like self-control, is a valuable temporally-extended pattern of behavior. Like self-control, altruism may be learned and maintained over an individual's lifetime. It needs no special inherited mechanism. Individual acts of altruism, each of which may be of no benefit (or of possible harm) to the actor, may nevertheless be beneficial when repeated over time. However, because each selfish decision is individually preferred to each altruistic decision, people can benefit from altruistic behavior only when they are committed to an altruistic pattern of acts and refuse to make decisions on a case-by-case basis.

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“…Example's include following the teacher's model of forming a cursive letter, mimicking the handraising behavior of peers, or copying appropriate outlets for aggression after viewing a film on prosocial behavior. From a behavioral perspective, observational learning occurs as a result of some form of reinforcement (Browder, Schoen, & Lentz, 1986;Deguchi, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching Students with Handicaps to Learn through Observation

Schoen¹

1989

TEACHING Exceptional Children

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Observational Learning from a Radical-Behavioristic Viewpoint

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Discrimination Theory of Rule‐governed Behavior

Discrimination Theory of Rule‐governed Behavior

Rationality and illusion

Teaching Students with Handicaps to Learn through Observation

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