Observational Heuristics in a Group of High Level Paddle Sports Coaches

Abstract

Observation of performance forms a critical part of the complex coaching process. A professional judgment and decision making (PJDM) framework enables optimum decisions to be made under time pressure and with limited information that derive from that observation. Observation and the associated decision making can be particularly affected by heuristic bias. We extend the work on PJDM via a greater focus on its relationship with observation within the coaching process. After revisiting PJDM and observation, we introduce and explore heuristics as a “tool” within the observation process. Specifically, we propose that observation is prone to heuristics built on a coach’s experience and understanding. We report on a small scale preliminary investigation with a group of high-level paddle sport coaches. We identify heuristics that both restrict and enhance the effectiveness of the observation in an effort to promote discussion and further research.

Adaptive expertise – a characteristic of expertise in outdoor instructors?

“…This emotional response suggests that a heuristics style of decision making may be at play, possibly supporting the assertions of Kahneman andTversky (1974), McCammon (2001), and Simon, Collins, and Collins (2017). This may be prone to biases, however, because of the breadth and depth of experience; specifically this 'fixing' of the plan.…”

“…In the first part, routine expertise may be considered in two ways: (1) competence with parts or functional units (e.g. tying a knot, constructing a rope system, or navigating from point A to B) and (2) expertise that allows for managing a single variable in the outdoor instructional 'mess' (Simon, Collins, and Collins 2017). In contrast, AEx is characterised by efficiency and innovation in applying that knowledge to new situations and challenges (Bransford et al 2005;Hutton et al 2017).…”

“…Having to solve problems for which there are no easy or straightforward solutions, wicked or messy problems (Simon et al 2017) Dealing with uncertainty or unpredictable work situations Operating with incomplete and complex information regarding a situation (Collins and Collins 2015a, 2015b, 2016a Learning new tasks, technologies, and procedures…”

“…The synergy and dynamic nature of task, environment, and the individual generate unique challenges that require the development of novel solutions Collins 2016a, 2016b) Demonstrating interpersonal adaptability Contending with the 'needs versus wants' balance with clients (Simon et al 2017) Demonstrating cultural adaptability…”

Waste Reduction Strategies: Factors Affecting Talent Wastage and the Efficacy of Talent Selection in Sport

“…In the decisionmaking process, from formulating judgment to executing a decision, there are many opportunities for cognitive shortcuts. Some of these shortcuts (i.e., heuristics) can be helpful in the decision-making process and some can be hurtful (Simon et al, 2017). To highlight how these biases likely affect judgments regarding talent, we describe (a) personal preferences and intuition, (b) framing and the endowment effect, (c) the illusion of confidence, and (d) the primacy effect.…”