Observation of Vortex-Ring “Discrete” Solitons in 2D Photonic Lattices

Fleischer, Jason W.; Bartal, Guy; Cohen, Oren; Manela, Ofer; Segev, Mordechai; Hudock, Jared; Christodoulides, Demetrios N.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.123904

Cited by 368 publications

(227 citation statements)

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“…Optical vortex solitons propagating in periodic media form another family of discrete spatial solitons with helical phase structures, as have been predicted earlier [13,14] and demonstrated in optical induced lattices with a self-focusing nonlinearity [15,16]. These are semi-infinite-gap vortex solitons.…”

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confidence: 54%

“…We can see clearly that the phase structures for self-trapped m=1 and m=2 vortices are different [ Fig.1 (d)]. The two diagonal spots are out-of-phase for the m=1 vortex but in-phase for the m=2 vortex, similar to selftrapped vortices in self-focusing photonic lattices [15,16,23]. Next, we measure the spatial spectrum of self-trapped vortices [ Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…When self-trapping is established in the nonlinear regime, both m=1 and m=2 vortices assume an intensity pattern primarily consisting of four spots [ Fig. 1(b)], similar to the semi-infinite-gap vortex solitons [15,16]. Along the directions of the principal axes of the square lattice (which are oriented diagonally rather than horizontally and vertically), long "tails" beyond the central four spots can be seen.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Self-trapping of optical vortices in waveguide lattices with a self-defocusing nonlinearity

Song¹,

Lou²,

Tang³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

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confidence: 54%

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Self-trapping of optical vortices in waveguide lattices with a self-defocusing nonlinearity

Song¹,

Lou²,

Tang³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

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“…Optically-induced photonic lattices in photorefractive crystals such as strontium barium niobate (SBN) have been used as an ideal platform for the observation of those predicted soliton structures. Indeed, the theoretical proposal [5] of such lattice solitons was followed quickly by their experimental realization in 2D induced lattices [9,10], subsequently leading to the observation of a host of novel solitons in this setting, including dipole [11], multipole [12], necklace [13], and rotary [14] solitons as well as discrete [15,16] and gap [17] vortices. In addition to lattice solitons, photonic lattices have enabled observations of other intriguing phenomena such as higher order Bloch modes [18], Zener tunneling [19], and localized modes in honeycomb [20], hexagonal [21] and quasi-crystalline [22] lattices, and Anderson localization [23] (see, e.g., the recent review [24] for additional examples).…”

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confidence: 99%

Geometric stabilization of extendedS=2vortices in two-dimensional photonic lattices: Theoretical analysis, numerical computation, and experimental results

et al. 2009

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In this work, we focus our studies on the subject of nonlinear discrete self-trapping of S = 2 (doubly-charged) vortices in two-dimensional photonic lattices, including theoretical analysis, numerical computation and experimental demonstration. We revisit earlier findings about S = 2 vortices with a discrete model, and find that S = 2 vortices extended over eight lattice sites can indeed be stable (or only weakly unstable) under certain conditions, not only for the cubic nonlinearity previously used, but also for a saturable nonlinearity more relevant to our experiment with a biased photorefractive nonlinear crystal. We then use the discrete analysis as a guide towards numerically identifying stable (and unstable) vortex solutions in a more realistic continuum model with a periodic potential. Finally, we present our experimental observation of such geometrically extended S = 2 vortex solitons in optically induced lattices under both self-focusing and self-defocusing nonlinearities, and show clearly that the S = 2 vortex singularities are preserved during nonlinear propagation.

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“…The BPRC, which features a saturable nonlinearity, is a kind of important nonlinear optical material, especially in creating the spatial optical solitons. In the past decades, many kinds of spatial solitons are observed from BPRCs [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. As illustrated in the Ref.…”

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Switch between the Types of the Symmetry Breaking Bifurcation in Optically Induced Photorefractive Rotational Double-Well Potential

Chen

Luo

et al. 2013

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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We study the possibility of switching the types of symmetry breaking bifurcation (SBB) in the cylinder shell waveguide with helical double-well potential along propagation direction. This model is described by the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. The symmetry-and antisymmetry-breakings can be caused by increasing the applied voltage onto the waveguide in the self-focusing and -defocusing cases, respectively. In the self-focusing case, the type of SBB can be switched from supercritical to subcritical. While in the self-defocusing case, the type of SBB can not be switched because only one type of SBB is found. PACS numbers: 42.65.Tg; 47.20.Ky; 05.45.Yv; 42.65.Hw Phase transition is a fundamental topic in many branches of physics. Spontaneous symmetric breaking (SSB), which is the transition from the symmetric ground state (GS) to that which does not follow the symmetry of the potential, always plays an important role in inducing the transition [1]. In nonlinear systems, because additional nonlinearity always give rise to the effect of SSB, phase transition and SSB are also important issues and attract great attention. Among many kinds of nonlinear systems, double-well potential (DWP) or dual-core system is the most essential model employed to study the phase transition and SSB of the nonlinear states [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In DWP system, the important process relating to the phase transition and SSB is symmetric breaking bifurcation (SBB), which determines the process of symmetric states transiting to the asymmetric ones [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. There are two kinds of SBB, subcritical and super critical, which are tantamount to the phase transition of the first and second kind respectively. The former kind of SBB, subcritical type, features branches of the asymmetric states going at first backward after the bifurcation point then turning forward. While the latter one, the supercritical type, features the asymmetric branches going immediately to the forward direction after the bifurcation point. Different settings with different environments may possibly lead to different types of SBB. An interesting problem is the possibility to control the type of the SBB, and thus to switch between the respective phase transitions of the two kinds. About this problem, it has been reported that the addition of a periodic potential (optical lattice) acting in the unconfined direction changes the character of the SBB from sub-to supercritical [7]. Recently, it is also reported that the periodical modulation of the linearcoupling constant, which is induced by the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) via the double-Λ system, can change the SBB from sub-to supercritical with the increase of the total power of the probe beams [17].Very recently, a setting with rotational (alias helical) DWP potential in a cylinder shell waveguide was performed [18], which reported that the rotating speed of the potential could also induce the symmetry breaking of the nonlinear modes. It is well known that r...

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Observation of Vortex-Ring “Discrete” Solitons in 2D Photonic Lattices

Abstract: We present the experimental observation of both on-site and off-site vortex-ring solitons of unity topological charge in a nonlinear photonic lattice, along with a theoretical study of their propagation dynamics and stability.

Cited by 368 publications

References 28 publications

Self-trapping of optical vortices in waveguide lattices with a self-defocusing nonlinearity

Self-trapping of optical vortices in waveguide lattices with a self-defocusing nonlinearity

Geometric stabilization of extendedS=2vortices in two-dimensional photonic lattices: Theoretical analysis, numerical computation, and experimental results

Switch between the Types of the Symmetry Breaking Bifurcation in Optically Induced Photorefractive Rotational Double-Well Potential

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