Observation of High-Order Polarization-Locked Vector Solitons in a Fiber Laser

Abstract

We report on the experimental observation of a new type of polarization-locked vector soliton in a passively mode-locked fiber laser. The vector soliton is characterized by the fact that not only are the two orthogonally polarized soliton components phase-locked, but also one of the components has a double-humped intensity profile. Multiple phase-locked high-order vector solitons with identical soliton parameters and harmonic mode locking of the vector solitons were also obtained in the laser. Numerical simulations confirmed the existence of stable high-order vector solitons in the fiber laser.

Compact graphene mode-locked wavelength-tunable erbium-doped fiber lasers: from all anomalous dispersion to all normal dispersion

“…Operation of erbium-doped fiber lasers passively mode locked by either conventional NPR technique or SESAM in various cavity dispersion regimes were intensively investigated previously [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. It is well-known that in the anomalous cavity dispersion regime, the nonlinear Schrodinger equation type of soliton will be formed in the fiber laser, due to the natural balance between the anomalous cavity dispersion and fiber nonlinear optical Kerr effect, while in the large normal cavity dispersion regime, a dissipative soliton whose dynamics is described by the extended Ginzburg-Landau equation will be formed [24], and the formation of the soliton is a result of the mutual nonlinear interaction among the normal cavity dispersion, fiber Kerr nonlinearity, and the effective laser gain bandwidth filtering [23], moreover, in the regime of near zero cavity dispersion, the so called dispersion-managed solitons will be formed, which have a characteristic Gaussian pulse profile and power spectrum [25].…”

Spiral attractor created by vector solitons

“…Therefore the model of the active medium has to be considered more accurately than in the typical simplified general laser models. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] To address this issue, we have developed a new vector model of EDF lasers mode locked with carbon nanotubes acting as a fast saturable absorber (see Supplementary Information). The new model accounts for the dipole mechanism of the light absorption and emission in erbium and carbon nanotube (CNT), slow relaxation dynamics of erbium ions and absorption of erbium at the lasing wavelength.…”

“…Vector solitons (VSs) in mode-locked lasers comprise a train of stabilized short pulses (dissipative solitons [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] ) with the specific shape defined by a complex interplay and balance between the effects of gain/ loss, dispersion and nonlinearity. The state of polarisation (SOP) of the solitons either rotates with a period of a few round trips or is locked.…”

“…The state of polarisation (SOP) of the solitons either rotates with a period of a few round trips or is locked. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The stability of VSs at the different time scales from femtosecond to microseconds is an important issue to be addressed for increased resolution in metrology, 14 spectroscopy 15 and suppressed phase noise in high speed fibre optic communication. 16 In addition, there is considerable interest in achieving high flexibility in the generation and control of dynamic SOPs in the context of trapping and manipulation of atoms and nanoparticles, 17-19 control of magnetisation 20 and secure communications.…”

Sólitons em Fibras Óticas Ideais – Um Desenvolvimento Numérico.

“…In this time, intense research was also conducted on the possibility of using vector soliton in optical communications. The use of vector solitons in a birefringence fiber was predicted by Menyuk (1987aMenyuk ( , 1987b and observed recently TANG et al, 2008).…”