Observation of fluctuation-mediated picosecond nucleation of a topological phase

Büttner, Felix; Pfau, Bastian; Böttcher, Marie; Schneider, Michael; Mercurio, Giuseppe; Günther, C.; Hessing, Piet; Klose, Christopher; Wittmann, Angela; Gerlinger, Kathinka; Kern, Lisa-Marie; Strüber, Christian; Schmising, Clemens von Korff; Fuchs, Josefin; Engel, Dieter; Churikova, Alexandra; Huang, Shuning; Suzuki, Daniel H.; Lemesh, Ivan; Huang, Mingxia; Caretta, Lucas; Weder, David; Gaida, John H.; Möller, Marcel; Harvey, Tyler R.; Zayko, Sergey; Bagschik, Kai; Carley, Robert; Mercadier, Laurent; Schlappa, Justine; Yaroslavtsev, Alexander; Guyarder, L. Le; Gerasimova, Natalia; Scherz, Andreas; Deiter, C.; Gort, Rafael; Hickin, David; Zhu, Jun; Turcato, M.; Lomidze, D.; Erdinger, Florian; Castoldi, A.; Maffessanti, S.; Porro, M.; Samartsev, A.; Sinova, Jairo; Ropers, Claus; Mentink, Johan H.; Dupé, Bertrand; Beach, Geoffrey S. D.; Eisebitt, Stefan

doi:10.1038/s41563-020-00807-1

Cited by 88 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…The study of thermal effects in skyrmions can provide guidelines for room-temperature skyrmion-based devices [20][21][22][23] and give further insight on the generation mechanisms of skyrmions via temperature pulses that have been observed both by calculations and experiments [19,24,25]. Furthermore, the thermally induced skyrmion creation/annihilation and skyrmion dynamics show their potential as true random seed generators and provide insight on skyrmion transport under elevated temperature conditions [26][27][28][29][30]. It is necessary to develop suitable models to study skyrmion dynamics at elevated temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spontaneous creation and annihilation dynamics of magnetic skyrmions at elevated temperature

et al. 2021

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Skyrmions are topologically protected nanoscale magnetic structures with a wide range of potential applications. Here we determine the life cycle of skyrmions from their creation to their intrinsic dynamics and thermal stability to their eventual thermodynamic demise. Using atomistic simulations of Ir/Co/Pt, parameterized from ab initio calculations, we demonstrate the thermal phase transition to a skyrmion state under application of a perpendicular magnetic field. The created skyrmions exhibit Brownian particlelike dynamics driven by the underlying thermal spin fluctuations. At an elevated temperature window well below the Curie temperature, the skyrmions are metastable and can collapse to a uniform magnetic state. With application of an external magnetic field, the intrinsic local thermal spin fluctuations at this elevated temperature window are sufficiently large to allow the spontaneous formation of new skyrmions in thermodynamic equilibrium analogous to a spontaneous skyrmion gas. Such a system could be used to implement a skyrmion-based true random number generator.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spontaneous creation and annihilation dynamics of magnetic skyrmions at elevated temperature

et al. 2021

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“…In following user experiments, gain configurations of 1 ph/ADU, 0.5 ph/ADU and 0.33 ph/ADU for photon energies > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 15 of 778 eV (Co L3-edge) [38], 1241 eV (Tb M-edge) and 3004 eV (Rh L3-edge) have already been employed. For all of them the trimming precision described in section III.C has been achieved.…”

Section: Experimental Results With the Scs Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MiniSDD-Based 1-Mpixel Camera of the DSSC Project for the European XFEL

Porro

Andricek

Castoldi

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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The first DSSC 1-megapixel camera became available at the European XFEL in the Hamburg area in February 2019. It was successfully tested, installed and commissioned at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering Instrument. DSSC is a high-speed, large-area, 2-D imaging detector system optimized for photon science applications in the energy range between 0.25 keV and 6 keV. The camera is based on direct conversion Si-sensors and is composed of 1024×1024 pixels of hexagonal shape with a side length of 136 µm. 256 ASICs provide full parallel readout, comprising analog filtering, digitization and in-pixel data storage. In order to cope with the demanding X-ray pulse time structure of the European XFEL, the DSSC provides a peak frame rate of 4.5 MHz. The first megapixel camera is equipped with Miniaturized Silicon Drift Detector pixel arrays. The intrinsic response of the pixels and the linear readout limit the dynamic range but allow one to achieve noise values of about 60 electrons r.m.s. at the highest frame rate. The challenge of providing high-dynamic range (~10 4 photons/pixel/pulse) and single photon detection simultaneously requires a non-linear system front-end, which will be obtained with the DEPFET active pixel technology foreseen for the advanced version of the camera. This technology will provide lower noise and a nonlinear response at the sensor level. The paper describes the The manuscript was submitted on 28.02.2021. The development described in this work was initiated, funded and coordinated by the European XFEL GmbH in the framework of the DSSC project.

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“…Wir haben nun demonstriert, dass skyrmionen durch Beschuss der magnetischen schicht mit einem wenige Femtosekunden kurzen, intensiven Laserpuls erzeugt werden können [1]. Abgebildet haben wir die skyrmionen mit hochaufgelöster Elektronen-und Röntgenmikroskopie (Abbildung 2).…”

Section: Magnetismus Ultraschnelle Erzeugung Von Skyrmionenunclassified

Ultraschnelle Erzeugung von Skyrmionen

Pfau¹,

Büttner

2021

Physik in unserer Zeit

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Die elementaren magnetischen Momente benachbarter Atome ordnen sich in ferromagnetischen Materialien bevorzugt parallel zueinander an. Die gemeinsame Richtung der Magnetisierung wird dabei entweder durch das Material selbst oder von einem äußeren magnetischen Feld vorgegeben. In speziellen dünnen Schichten richten sich die magnetischen Momente bevorzugt senkrecht zur Oberfläche aus. In diesen Schichten können sich aber auch etwa 100 nm große Gebiete bilden, in denen sich die Magnetisierung wirbelartig eindreht und in der Mitte umgekehrt zur äußeren Richtung orientiert ist. Unserer Forschungsgruppe unter Leitung von Wissenschaftlern des Max‐Born‐Instituts (MBI) und Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA, ist es gelungen, solche Skyrmionen mit Laserpulsen zu erzeugen und deren Dynamik zu vermessen.

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Observation of fluctuation-mediated picosecond nucleation of a topological phase

Cited by 88 publications

References 50 publications

Spontaneous creation and annihilation dynamics of magnetic skyrmions at elevated temperature

Spontaneous creation and annihilation dynamics of magnetic skyrmions at elevated temperature

The MiniSDD-Based 1-Mpixel Camera of the DSSC Project for the European XFEL

Ultraschnelle Erzeugung von Skyrmionen

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