OBSERVASI SIKLUS ESTRUS PADA ANOA (Bubalus depressicornis) DI ANOA BREEDING CENTRE MANADO

Abstract

OBSERVATION OF ANOA (Bubalus depressicornis) ESTRUS CYCLE IN ANOA BREEDING CENTRE OF MANADO . Anoa is endemic to the island of Sulawesi and the biggest wild animal among fauna in Sulawesi. This anoa population is decreasing, so that the population needs sustainable conservation involving good reproduction management. The strategy of the reproduction management was knowledge of this animal reproduction cycles including estrus cycles of anoa at the Anoa Breeding Centre Manado. Objective of this study was to evaluate estrus cycles of anoa. Materials used in this study were four heads of female anoa at ages of 2.5, 6,5, 7 and 8 years old. Data were collected by focal animal sampling on each female anoa (Manis, Denok, Anna and Rita). Estrus detection was applied using non-automatically estrus detection method. Estrus observation was conducted daily at 06.00-18.00 Indonesian central time. Estrus anoa was detected on the basis of the visual estrus symptom (VES) and readiness of female anoa receiving the female to copulate. Rectal temperature was measured daily in the morning and afternoon using thermometer. Results showed that based on observation of VES revealed the estrus symptom including nervous, urination, shaking tail, reddish vulva, swelling vulva and transparent mucus from vulva, coming near male anoa, smelling the male genital, attempting to mount another anoa, being mounted by anotherand stands to be mounted by one of her herdmates. Estrus time period was a day with estrus cycles of 26 days (Manis), 30 days (Denok). Average of rectal temperatures was 41.7o C. It can be concluded that estrus cycles of anoa at Anoa Breeding Centre Manado was ranging from 26-30 days with estrus period was one day. Key words: anoa, estrus cycles, estrus symptom.

Sexual behaviour of lowland anoa (bubalus depressicornis) in the captivity of anoa breeding centre (ABC) Manado*

“…Then washed it in the tap water, leave it air dried for a moment and fixed again using bunsen burner. The stained slides were examined using michroschope with magnification of 40X [20].…”

“…Research on anoa at the captivity in Indonesia has been widely practiced, which are related to breeding [12,14], Anoa's diet [6,15,16], reproductive organ bio metric and ejaculate characterization [17], bio metric and spermatozoa [18], cryopreservation of cement and its characteristics [19], reproductive behaviour, cement preservation and artificial insemination techniques of Anoa in the zoo [20], and estrous observation [21]. The 1 of 4 artificial inseminated anoa was successfully gave birth [22].…”

Vaginal swab cytology aplication to determine the estrus cycle of lowland anoa (bubalus depressicornis, smith, 1927) in captivity

“…Anoa is included in the polyestrus animal and at the time of estrus they will release pheromones that can stimulate the males to reach the females [7]. Anoa will be more aggressive during the lust [8]. When a male anoa meets a female, there will be a fight so the process of mating will be difficult to be happen [9].…”

“…Information on the estrus cycle is very important as a basis for determining the proper time of natural mating. The reserach on the estrus cycle of anoa shows varying results, i.e 26 and 30 days [8], 21 days [10], 16-31 days and 22-23 days [12] The vaginal cytology is can be used to diagnose the stage of estrus cycle in many species [12][13][14], it reflects the interaction of various hormones on the reproductive tract [13]. Vaginal smear is indicating an increase in cornified acidophilic cells during the estrus of buffalo [15].…”