Objective Documentation of Child Abuse and Dissociation in 12 Murderers With Dissociative Identity Disorder

Lewis, Dorothy Otnow; Yeager, Catherine A.; Swica, Yael; Pincus, Jonathan H.; Lewis, Melvin

doi:10.1176/ajp.154.12.1703

Cited by 152 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This could underlie the partial or total amnesia (i.e. failure of conscious recall) for the experience manifested by some individuals that develop PTSD or dissociative identity disorders after trauma (Ellason et al 1996;Lewis et al 1997). This also may explain why some individuals with PTSD fail to exhibit conditioned avoidance or strategic planning when confronted with situations or contexts that should be regarded as potentially dangerous, deleterious, or on balance, non-rewarding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downregulation of BDNF mRNA in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus after Re-exposure to Cues Previously Associated with Footshock,

Rasmusson

Shi

Duman

2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

233

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined the effects of footshock stress and reexposure to cues previously associated with footshock on expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA in the hippocampus of male rats. Exposure to twenty 0.5-s 0.4-mA footshocks co-terminating withBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which also includes nerve growth factor and neurotrophins 3 and 4. BDNF as well as these other neurotrophins, plays an important role in neuronal growth and differentiation during development, and also contributes to the survival, function, and plasticity of neurons in the adult brain (Lewin and Barde 1996). Thus, through a variety of mechanisms in different brain regions, BDNF has been implicated in emergent phenomena such as learning and memory (Patterson et al. 1996;Mu et al. 1999) and even contributes to the modulation of overt behaviors such as aggression (Lyons et al. 1999). The ability of BDNF to influence these processes is related, in part, to the activity dependent regulation of BDNF expression in adult brain (Lewin and Barde 1996).BDNF is also thought to play a role in the cellular and behavioral responses to stress (Duman et al. , 2000. Exposure to physical stress, such as immobilization, downregulates BDNF expression in the hippocampus (Smith et al. 1995, Vaidya et al. 1997 (Duman et al. , 2000. Moreover, downregulation of BDNF could contribute to the hippocampal pathology observed in psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression (Bremner et al. 2000;Mervaala et al. 2000;Vakili et al. 2000). This possibility is supported by the observation that these disorders are sensitive to stressful experiences (Breslau et al. 1995;Kendler et al. 2000). Based on these observations and findings, we became interested in determining whether psychological stress has a measurable impact on hippocampal BDNF expression similar to the effects of physical stressors that have been reported.We therefore tested the effects of psychological stress produced by exposures to cues previously paired with footshock on BDNF mRNA levels in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. We hypothesized that re-exposure to cues associated with footshock stress, as well as footshock itself, would decrease BDNF mRNA in the dentate gyrus. The results demonstrate that this type of psychological stress produces a heightened sensitivity to previously neutral cues that results in downregulation of BDNF, and suggest that psychological stress, such as that experienced in association with PTSD and depression, as well as other disorders, could result in decreased neurotrophic support of the hippocampus. MATERIAL AND METHODS AnimalsAdult male Sprague-Dawley rats were kept in a 12:12 h light-dark cycle (lights on at 7:00 A . M .) for 7-10 days before each experiment. The animals were housed two or three per cage and fed ad libitum. Experiments were conducted between 9:00 A . M . and 6:00 P . M . To control for possible effects of diurnal variation on hippoca...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downregulation of BDNF mRNA in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus after Re-exposure to Cues Previously Associated with Footshock,

Rasmusson

Shi

Duman

2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

233

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The correlation among dissociation, childhood neglect and abuse were shown in both prospective and retrospective studies [23][24][25]. Personality dissociation that develops to protect oneself from intense anxiety in the face of danger or intense stress can manifest itself in the form of dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, depersonalization, SW and ST [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We found CTQ-28 score 11.14 ± 3.55 in Group I that indicated sexual or physical abuse and neglect too. We determined that Group I patients BDI score was 23 ( Table 2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasomnia and Dissociative Disorders

Karataş¹,

Bilici²,

Pelin³

2017

J Sleep Disord Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Parasomnias are Sleep Disorders characterized by abnormal behavioral and physiological events. Dissociative experiences that occur in dissociative Disorders can emerge at night and may be the cause of parasomnia. The aim of this study is to compare the Sleep characteristics of parasomnia patients with and without dissociative disorder in order to investigate whether dissociative experiences may continue while aSleep and to what extent they change parasomnia.

show abstract

“…Generally, based on different definitions annoyance includes neglect, emotional abuse, physical abuse, and sexual abuse (Marvasti, 2000;Kaufman & Zigler 1987;Lewis et al, 1997).…”

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Relationship between Symptoms of Histrionic Personality Disorder and Experiences of Child Abuse among Students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University

Derakhshi¹

2017

TAKSAD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study attempts to investigate the relationship between symptoms of histrionic personality disorder and experiences of child abuse among students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University in 2013-2014. The general aim of this study is to predict histrionic personality disorder in adulthood based on child abuse experiences during childhood. The population of this study include 19599 people among whom 377 were selected through simple random sampling. The instrument of this study includes Millon-3 CASRS questionnaire and child abuse questionnaire. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The obtained results revealed that there is significant relationship between histrionic personality disorder (independent variable) and dimensions of child abuse (dependent variable) that includes emotional, neglect, physical, and sexual child abuse.Considering different dimensions of child abuse, neglect of child and sexual child abuse have the most and the least contribution in predicting symptoms of histrionic personality disorder in adulthood. In addition, the results showed that all four dimensions of child abuse can predict symptoms of histrionic personality disorder in adulthood, but ignorance or neglecting child has the most effect and sexual dimension has the least effect in the prediction.

show abstract

Objective Documentation of Child Abuse and Dissociation in 12 Murderers With Dissociative Identity Disorder

Cited by 152 publications

References 15 publications

Downregulation of BDNF mRNA in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus after Re-exposure to Cues Previously Associated with Footshock,

Downregulation of BDNF mRNA in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus after Re-exposure to Cues Previously Associated with Footshock,

Parasomnia and Dissociative Disorders

Investigating the Relationship between Symptoms of Histrionic Personality Disorder and Experiences of Child Abuse among Students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About