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These results suggest that the prevalence of parasomnias was high in the 9- and 10-year-old age groups. Parasomnias are associated with a history of physical illness and neurobehavioral abnormalities.

There are some reports that classical neuroleptics may lead to osteoporosis or reduced bone mineral density (BMD). However, there is no adequate information about the effects of atypical neuroleptics on BMD. The aim of this study was to measure BMD in schizophrenic patients taking classical and atypical neuroleptics, compared to healthy controls. Seventy-five patients with schizophrenia (40 taking classical neuroleptics [CN], 35 taking atypical neuroleptics [AN]) and 20 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. Spine (L1-L4) BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. ANOVA showed that BMD was higher in HC than AN and CN. In addition, there was a negative correlation between the duration of neuroleptic treatment and BMD and the duration of the illness. These findings suggest that atypical neuroleptics may be safer than the classical neuroleptics in terms of reduced BMD.

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Behavior problems are common in children with FC from an early age. Low level of education and high psychological distress of the mothers seem to be important risk factors for constipation and should be assessed carefully in the management of these cases.

The purpose of this study was to determine the discriminative factors between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with and without major depression (MD). We assessed subjective sleep quality, pain, and cell-mediated immune functions in RA patients with (n = 20) and without (n = 20) MD by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), visual analogue scale (VAS), and fluorescein isothiocyanat (FITC) labeled CD3, CD4, CD8, CDI9, CD45, CD56, and HLADR T monoclonal antibodies by flow cytometry. We found that the RA patients with MD had significantly higher pain level, poorer sleep equality, higher HDRS points, and higher HLADR T cell level than those without MD; and that these variables are discriminant factors between patient groups. These findings suggest that the RA patients with MD may be differentiated from those without MD by using VAS, PSQI, and HLADR levels; that these variables correctly classify the depressed and non depressed groups up to an accuracy level of 96.8%.