Obesogenic Environment Case Study from a Food and Nutrition Security Perspective: Hermosillo City

Abstract

Obesity and certain nutritional deficiencies are global health problems that emerge in systems of interdependent individual biological and historical factors and social environmental determinants of health. Nutrition security is a framework that assumes stable access to sufficient innocuous and nutritious food (i.e., food security), health care, and sanitation, and information that in conjunction allows self-care-oriented behavior for health protection. To understand the social environment of nutrition insecurity, the object of study was the food distribution and consumption system of a marginalized community in Hermosillo, Mexico. We assessed the distribution of food establishments by social marginalization level in basic geo-statistical areas and the nutrition security status of women in underserved neighborhoods. We found that in Hermosillo >90% of food establishments included for analysis (grocery stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, and beer deposits) were distributed outside of areas with high levels of social marginalization. The nutrition security assessment suggests that low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of fat and sugar may be associated with food accessibility and acceptability factors in individual decision-making processes. Future research should take into account the variability of food system environments and address the particular needs of communities in terms of food and nutrition security.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey

“…The only instrument reported in the studies with information on the quality of the measure was the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS-P). The instrument was previously evaluated in terms of feasibility, internal consistency and test-retest reproducibility [21], in addition to having been used in food consumption surveys in the United States and Spain [27][28][29][30][31]. The NEMS-P consists of 49 questions, mostly objective, divided into six sections: Home Food Environment, Questions about Food Purchase, Questions about Restaurants/Out-of-Home Meals, Your Habits and Thoughts about Food, General Questions About the House and General Questions [21] and has been used to assess the perception of the food environment in different countries such as the United States [29,32] and Mexico [33].…”

Mortalidad intraurbana, envejecimiento y marginación en Hermosillo, Sonora, 2013-2016

“…Desde la perspectiva de los determinantes, se sugiere explorar otro tipo de indicadores urbanos y del ambiente construido, asociados a la salud y a la calidad de vida en las ciudades. Indicadores de acceso a la salud, acceso a comida saludable, distribución de áreas verdes, espacios para la actividad física, "caminabilidad", movilidad y trasporte, exposición a temperaturas extremas, entre otros, contribuirán a un mejor entendimiento de los impactos del entorno urbano sobre los estados de salud y enfermedad (Navarro y Vélez, 2019;Pérez y Valencia, 2016;World Health Organization [WHO], 2016;Zuniga-Teran, Stoker, Gimbelett, Orr, Marsh, Guertin y Chalfoun, 2019).…”

Building Image Through Food Choice: The Effects of Unfamiliar Companion, Impression Management, and Emotional Eating on Food Portion

“…The obesity epidemic is potentially increases when people are surrounded by obesogenic environments. An obesogenic environment refers to a situation where individuals are exposed to a range of convenience food options that are high in fat, sugar, and salt (Bodor et al, 2010;Navarro & Vélez, 2019), or fall under the category of ultra-processed foods, which are typically low in nutrients and high in calories (Beslay et al, 2020). Obesogenic environments are characterised by easy access to fast food restaurants both offline and online (Gordon-Larsen, 2014;Horta et al, 2022;Miles et al, 2022;Paulitsch & Dumith, 2021;Pechey & Marteau, 2018), in which most of the foods offered are high calorie.…”

“…Obesogenic environments are characterised by easy access to fast food restaurants both offline and online (Gordon-Larsen, 2014;Horta et al, 2022;Miles et al, 2022;Paulitsch & Dumith, 2021;Pechey & Marteau, 2018), in which most of the foods offered are high calorie. This situation may have an unwitting effect on their health (Dreher et al, 2019;Huang, 2022), the long-term consequences of consuming high-calorie foods can lead to overweight and obesity, as suggested by several studies (Beslay et al, 2020;Elliston et al, 2017;Gordon-Larsen, 2014;Navarro & Vélez, 2019;Paulitsch & Dumith, 2021;Rahman et al, 2022).…”