Obesity-Related Metabolic Syndrome: Mechanisms of Sympathetic Overactivity

Canale, Maria Paola; Villahermosa, Simone Manca di; Martino, G. Di; Rovella, Valentina; Noce, Annalisa; Lorenzo, Antonino De; Daniele, Nicola Di

doi:10.1155/2013/865965

Cited by 181 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 152 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

120

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The molecular mechanism postulated for the pathogenesis of cardiac complications in obesity includes lipotoxicity [28], inflammation, oxidative stress [29], apoptosis [30] and sympathetic overactivation [31]. Obesity leads to the loss of cardiomyocytes, cardiac dysfunction and ultimately HF [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome is associated with different clinical outcome after cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Although association of metabolic syndrome (MS) and ischemic heart disease is strongly established, it is not known whether presence of MS may differently influence clinical responses to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between obesity and metabolic features and the clinical outcome after cardiac resynchronization with defibrillator therapy (CRT-D), compared to an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Methods: The risk of heart failure (HF) or death and death alone was evaluated in 829 non--obese patients, 156 obese patients without MS, and 277 obese patients with MS (all with left bundle branch block), who were enrolled in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (MADIT-CRT).Results: Obese patients with MS (HR 0.50, p = 0.002), obese patients without MS (HR 0.57, p = 0.077), and non-obese patients (HR 0.48, p < 0.001 (HR 0.11, p < 0.001), whereas obese patients without MS had no reduction (HR 0.98, p = 0.951; interaction p < 0.001). The reverse was observed in ischemic cardiomyopathy patients: obese patients with MS had no reduction in the risk of HF/death (HR 0.80, p = 0.402), while obese patients without MS showed a significant reduction in the risk of events (HR 0.15, p = 0.011; interaction p = 0.036). Similar trends were observed for the endpoint of death. (Cardiol J 2016; 23, 3: 344-351) ) had a similar risk reduction of HF/death in response to CRT-D therapy when compared to ICD patients. However, among those with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, obese patients with MS experienced a 90% reduction for HF/death Conclusions: Presence of MS differentiates the response to CRT in obese patients with ischemic and non-ischemic etiology for HF.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome is associated with different clinical outcome after cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The visceral fat deposits in the abdomen, in addition to secreting hormones such as leptin that help regulate feeding behavior and energy expenditure, are involved in producing this inflammatory response [22]. The metabolic abnormalities of obesity, including insulin resistance and T2D, are related to this inflammatory state [23,24]. The exact causes of the low grade systemic inflammation of obesity are uncertain, with some considering it related to changes in gut bacteria caused by a western diet high in fat and/or refined carbohydrates.…”

Section: The Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting Fat: “What” is Eaten is as Important as “How much” is Eaten

Shrimpton¹,

Bazzano²,

Mason³

2017

J Obes Weight Loss Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is becoming an enormous global problem and urgent measures are needed to contain it. Traditional thinking that it is just a problem of energy balance has led to educational approaches to get people to eat less and exercise more becoming the standard interventions. However, new evidence suggests that it is not just how much you eat, but what is being eaten that is driving the problem. Evidence for the various causalities, especially sugar intake, and the sort of approaches needed to stop the problem getting worse are presented. Policy actions to promote healthy diets cannot just focus on information based approaches that will help the public make better informed choices (e.g. media campaigns, dietary guidelines). In addition, more structural approaches are needed such as fiscal measures, and restrictions on advertising. Policy assessments should be carefully designed based on a theory of change, using indicators of progress along the various pathways towards the long-term goal of reducing obesity rates. The most important research needed is to strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of such programme approaches using a plausibility approach. No country has demonstrated success in controlling obesity yet.

show abstract

“…Notably, a reduction of 2% -3% in coronary diseases' risk has been reported following a 1% decrease in serum levels of lipids (3). However, the reduced serum lipid mainly depends on the identification of etiological factors, like obesity (4,5). One of the frequently used tools to measure obesity is body mass index (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%