Obesity and <scp>COVID</scp>‐19: A jigsaw puzzle with still missing pieces

Michalakis, Konstantinos; Panagiotou, Grigorios; Ilias, Ιoannis; Pazaitou‐Panayiotou, Kalliopi

doi:10.1111/cob.12420

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Regardless of the definition of obesity (in western countries it is defined as a BMI higher than 30.0 kg/m 2 or in China over 27.5 kg/m 2 ), excess body weight is associated with more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) and increased mortality[ 72 , 73 ]. The etiology for the latter is still obscure, although it is known that obesity is a state of low-grade inflammation, which COVID-19 pushes to extremes (with a characteristic “cytokine storm”[ 74 ]).…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Obesity/met-sy/nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathways and mechanisms for possible increased susceptibility to COVID-19

Ilias¹,

Goulas²,

Zabulienė

2021

WJCC

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In 75% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), insulin action is impaired. In obesity, visceral adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional: Chronic inflammation is favored over storage, contributing to the development of metabolic complications. PCOS, metabolic syndrome (MetSy) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) apparently share common pathogenic factors; these include abdominal adiposity, excess body weight and insulin resistance. Alterations in the gut microbiome have been noted in women with PCOS compared to controls; these may lead to deterioration of the intestinal barrier, increased gut mucosal permeability and immune system activation, hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance, which hamper normal ovarian function and follicular development (all being hallmarks of PCOS). It has been proposed that PCOS may entail higher susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via its associated comorbidities (NAFLD, obesity, MetSy and alterations in the gut microbiome). Studies have found an association between acute respiratory distress syndrome (seen in severe cases of COVID-19) and the intestinal microbiome. Furthermore, apparently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can gain entry to the gastrointestinal tract via locally-expressed angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 receptors. Excess body weight is associated with more severe COVID-19 and increased mortality. Although robust links between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PCOS/NAFLD/gut microbiome/metabolic consequences are yet to be confirmed, it seems that strategies for adapting the intestinal microbiome could help reduce the severity of COVID-19 in women with PCOS with or without NAFLD, MetSy or obesity.

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Section: Sars-cov-2 and Obesity/met-sy/nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathways and mechanisms for possible increased susceptibility to COVID-19

Ilias¹,

Goulas²,

Zabulienė

2021

WJCC

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“…Aparte de las comorbilidades asociadas; la inflamación crónica sistémica, las alteraciones metabólicas, el compromiso inmunológico, la alteración endotelial, el daño a las células madre mesenquimales y un tejido adiposo alterado, podrían ser mecanismos fisiopatológicos por los cuales los pacientes con obesidad son más propensos a presentar COVID-19 severo (28,29). El estudio de esta relación a nivel molecular podría ayudarnos a establecer estrategias terapéuticas apropiadas en estos pacientes (28).…”

Section: Obesidad Como Factor Pronostico En Pacientes Con Covid-19unclassified

Bariatric and metabolic surgery during the COVID-19 crisis: strategies facing two pandemics

2021

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Since its first appearance in Wuhan at the end of 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought serious repercussions worldwide, Spain being among the most affected countries. This health crisis resulted in the cancellation of surgeries pertaining to both malignant and benign pathologies, including bariatric and metabolic surgery. Patients with morbid obesity, besides their delay in surgical interventions, are at high risk of contracting severe COVID-19. For this reason, once the epidemiological situation has improved in our hospitals and the necessary resources become again available, this surgical activity should be progressively restarted. The goal of this paper is to review the published literature regarding the main perioperative recommendations concerning safe bariatric and metabolic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…También es importante estudiar el vínculo entre la obesidad y el COVID-19, aunque es controversial y faltan evidencias al respecto (6), se considera que la obesidad podría ser un factor de riesgo que agrava el pronóstico de los pacientes ambulatorios y hospitalizados, ya que parece interferir con la aparición o el agravamiento de las enfermedades respiratorias (7). En este sentido, la inflamación sistémica, el deterioro del sistema inmunológico, la sarcopenia y las comorbilidades como las enfermedades respiratorias, cardiovasculares y metabólicas parecen ser factores que relacionen la malnutrición por exceso, el curso y resultado de COVID-19 (3).…”

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“…El tejido adiposo es un órgano endocrino activo, que sirve como sitio de almacenamiento, secreta hormonas, citoquinas, quimiocinas, componentes del complemento, proteínas del sistema renina-angiotensina; asimismo mantiene la homeostasis metabólica del organismo. Además, juega un papel fundamental en la respuesta inflamatoria ya que es una fuente de los mediadores proinflamatorios, tales como: la interleuquina 6 (IL-6), factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α), proteína C reactiva (7)(8)(9).…”

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La Obesidad Y Covid-19

Vásquez

2021

Enferm. investig.

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A principios de diciembre 2019, surgió en Wuhan, Provincia de Hubei China una enfermedad causada por un nuevo Coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV-2) también denominado SARS-CoV-2 (síndrome respiratorio agudo severo tipo-2). La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) como pandemia el 11 de marzo de 2020, hasta enero 2021 se han confirmado más de 22.400.000 casos de infección por SARS-CoV-2 en 216 países y se ha reportado más de 788.000 muertes (1). Richardson y cols. (2) en un estudio de casos con 5.700 pacientes con COVID-19 ingresados en 12 hospitales de la Ciudad de Nueva York (marzo-abril 2020), mostró que el 41,7% de los sujetos presentó obesidad. Según la OMS la tasa de mortalidad por infección de COVID-19 es de 0,5-1% (3). El COVID-19 puede presentar un amplio espectro clínico, desde infecciones asintomáticas y leves hasta complicaciones del tracto respiratorio superior y neumonía; entre las manifestaciones extra-respiratorias puede incluir complicaciones cardíacas, disfunción renal, trastornos gastrointestinales, neurológicos y hematológicos. Otras condiciones clínicas en el obeso son la enfermedad obstructiva crónica, la enfermedad cardiovascular crónica, hipertensión, diabetes y enfermedad cerebrovascular (4).

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Obesity and COVID‐19: A jigsaw puzzle with still missing pieces

Cited by 25 publications

References 97 publications

Polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathways and mechanisms for possible increased susceptibility to COVID-19

Polycystic ovary syndrome: Pathways and mechanisms for possible increased susceptibility to COVID-19

Bariatric and metabolic surgery during the COVID-19 crisis: strategies facing two pandemics

La Obesidad Y Covid-19

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