Obesity and periodontal disease: A review

Khan, Mohammad Shoyab; Alasqah, Mohammed; Alammar, Lamia M; Alkhaibari, Yousef

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_283_20

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The prevalence of chronic diseases (e.g., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesteremia) is continuously rising in Korea [ 37 ]. The association between periodontal and systemic diseases has been observed in many previous studies [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], and hence, the importance of comprehensively managing systemic and periodontal diseases is growing. In particular, factors such as diabetes increase the risk for periodontal diseases and may exacerbate their severity [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Has the Health Insurance Coverage of Scaling Contributed Positively to Periodontal Health in Korea?

Choi

2020

IJERPH

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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the health insurance coverage of dental scaling (introduced in 2013) using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs parameter among Korean adults aged 20 years or older. We used the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from before and after 2013 to analyze the statistical significance and associations of the covariates with the prevalence of healthy periodontal tissues, prevalence of people in need of scaling, and prevalence of periodontal diseases. The results showed that the prevalence of healthy periodontal tissues increased by 4.9% (from 34.2% to 39.1%), the number of people in need of scaling decreased by 5% (from 65.9% to 60.9%), and the prevalence of periodontal diseases increased by 7.2% (from 23.4% to 30.6%). Moreover, after the scaling coverage policy, the odds ratio of the prevalence of healthy periodontal tissues was 1.10 times higher, the prevalence of the need for scaling was 1.5 times higher, and the prevalence of periodontal diseases was 0.90 times lower. Therefore, the state should formulate policies that provide dental biofilm management through a disclosing agent, impart education about oral hygiene, and develop a health management system that enables the concurrent management of periodontal diseases and systemic diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Has the Health Insurance Coverage of Scaling Contributed Positively to Periodontal Health in Korea?

Choi

2020

IJERPH

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“…Periodontal diseases are widely distributed globally and act as an independent risk factor for many systemic diseases or exacerbate the existing conditions like diabetes mellitus, preterm low birth weight babies, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, metabolic syndrome, obesity, Alzheimer's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. [ 15 16 17 ] Microorganisms or their products from the oral cavity may reach into the systemic circulation and exert their effects directly or indirectly by releasing the inflammatory mediators on the pathogenesis of these systemic diseases. Herpes virus from the oral cavity may also access the systemic circulation and is associated with systemic diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of conventional periodontal probes and CEJ handpiece of electronic probes in the diagnosis and primary care of periodontal disease

Bareja

Bansal

Kumar

2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Objectives: Conventional probes (CPs) have been considered acceptable as diagnostic tools to measure probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) but are affected by multiple variables. Electronic probes (EPs) provide controlled force, digital readout and data storage in computers. The objectives were to compare the reproducibility in the measurement of PPD and CAL by CP and the newly introduced CEJ handpiece of EP and intra-examiner and inter-examiner errors done in two phases. Methods and Material: Selected 720 periodontal sites in 1 st molar of 30 persons with chronic periodontitis ≤4 mm and >4 mm pockets were analysed by two trained investigators in two phases at 2 hours difference by CP and CEJ handpiece of EP. Standard deviation, mean difference, correlation coefficient, P value and student 't' test were done to analyse data. Results: The intra- examiner and inter-examiner analyses revealed that Pearson's correlation coefficient was above 0.080 and 0.722 in the ≤4 mm and >4 mm pockets, respectively. Mean difference was not statistically significant in both groups except in the intra- examiner findings in the 2 nd phase. Interprobe analysis depicted a standard error of mean of <0.03 in ≤4 mm pockets, whereas it varied from 0.047–0.056 in >4 mm pockets. Conclusion: In conclusion, EP is advantageous for research purposes by providing automatic recording and long-term maintenance of data storage without the need of an assistant and patient education and motivation, whereas CP appears to be more useful in routine periodontal examination.

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“…Life events and general health conditions can affect the bone metabolism ( Feres et al., 2016 ). For instance, obesity and hypertension have an impact on the oral microbial composition and regulate alveolar bone metabolism ( Del Pinto et al., 2020 ; Khan et al., 2020 ). Smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), and estrogen deficiency are associated with systemic bone loss, including osteoporosis and alveolar bone resorption ( Weitzmann and Pacifici, 2006 ; Straka et al., 2015 ; Wang X. et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Factors That Affect Oral Microbiota-mediated Alveolar Bone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Osteomicrobiology: The Role of Oral Microbiota in Alveolar Bone Homeostasis

Cheng

Liu

2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Osteomicrobiology is a new research field in which the aim is to explore the role of microbiota in bone homeostasis. The alveolar bone is that part of the maxilla and mandible that supports the teeth. It is now evident that naturally occurring alveolar bone loss is considerably stunted in germ-free mice compared with specific-pathogen-free mice. Recently, the roles of oral microbiota in modulating host defense systems and alveolar bone homeostasis have attracted increasing attention. Moreover, the mechanistic understanding of oral microbiota in mediating alveolar bone remodeling processes is undergoing rapid progress due to the advancement in technology. In this review, to provide insight into the role of oral microbiota in alveolar bone homeostasis, we introduced the term “oral osteomicrobiology.” We discussed regulation of alveolar bone development and bone loss by oral microbiota under physiological and pathological conditions. We also focused on the signaling pathways involved in oral osteomicrobiology and discussed the bridging role of osteoimmunity and influencing factors in this process. Finally, the critical techniques for osteomicrobiological investigations were introduced.

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Obesity and periodontal disease: A review

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Has the Health Insurance Coverage of Scaling Contributed Positively to Periodontal Health in Korea?

Has the Health Insurance Coverage of Scaling Contributed Positively to Periodontal Health in Korea?

Comparative assessment of conventional periodontal probes and CEJ handpiece of electronic probes in the diagnosis and primary care of periodontal disease

Oral Osteomicrobiology: The Role of Oral Microbiota in Alveolar Bone Homeostasis

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