Obesity and heart failure: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management

Alpert, Martin A.; Lavie, Carl J.; Agrawal, Harsh; Aggarwal, Kul; Kumar, Sumit

doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2014.04.010

Cited by 195 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

187

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In obesity, the cardiovascular condition is aggravated by the detrimental role of the excessive adipose tissue and fat-free mass, which results in a higher metabolic demand. This leads to hyperdynamic circulation, increased blood volume, and cardiac output [33]. Heart weight and body weight exhibit a linear relationship; peripheral resistances increase, which enhance left ventricular afterload [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The innovative “Bio-Oil Spread” prevents metabolic disorders and mediates preconditioning-like cardioprotection in rats

Quintieri

Filice

Amelio

et al. 2016

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aims: Obesity is often associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The food industry and the associated research activities focus on formulating products that are a perfect mix between an adequate fat content and health. We evaluated whether a diet enriched with Bio-Oil Spread (SD), an olive oil-based innovative food, is cardioprotective in the presence of high-fat diet (HFD)-dependent obesity.Methods and Results: Rats were fed for 16 weeks with normolipidic diet (ND; fat: 6.2%), HFD (fat: 42%), and ND enriched with SD (6.2% of fat þ 35.8% of SD). Metabolic and anthropometric parameters were measured. Heart and liver structures were analyzed by histochemical examination. Ischemic susceptibility was evaluated on isolated and Langendorff-perfused cardiac preparations. Signaling was assessed by Western blotting. Compared to ND rats, HFD rats showed increased body weight and abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance. Morphological analyses showed that HFD is associated with heart and liver modifications (hypertrophy and steatosis, respectively), lesser evident in the SD group, together with metabolic and anthropometric alterations. In particular, IGF-1R immunodetection revealed a reduction of hypertrophy in SD heart sections. Notably, SD diet significantly reduced myocardial susceptibility against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) with respect to HFD through the activation of survival signals (Akt, ERK1/2, and Bcl2). Systolic and diastolic performance was preserved in the SD group. Conclusions: We suggest that SD may contribute to the prevention of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular alterations typical of severe obesity induced by an HFD, including the increased ischemic susceptibility of the myocardium. Our results pave the way to evaluate the introduction of SD in human alimentary guidelines as a strategy to reduce saturated fat intake. IntroductionMen and women of all ages, races, and ethnic groups can be affected by obesity [1] and this is often accompanied by an increased morbidity and mortality due an increase of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors [2,3]. Severe obesity causes permanent hemodynamic alterations that progressively impair cardiac structure and function. When comorbidities (i.e., systemic hypertension, sleep apnea, and hypoventilation) are present together with obesity, cardiac alterations progress to heart failure (HF) [4]. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition in which a high CVD risk is associated with obesity. It is characterized by disturbed glucose homeostasis, dyslipidemia, and hypertension [5] and is established in the presence of three of the following parameters: (i) waist circumference >40 (men) and >35 (women) inches; (ii) triglycerides >150 mg/dl; (iii) HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol <40 (men) and <50 (women) mg/dl; (iv) blood pressure >130/85 mm Hg; and (v) fasting glucose >100 mg/dl [6]. Currently, nutritional therapy is regarded as the best practice to prevent and/or reduce the cardiovascular damages associated ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The innovative “Bio-Oil Spread” prevents metabolic disorders and mediates preconditioning-like cardioprotection in rats

Quintieri

Filice

Amelio

et al. 2016

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since obesity is present in > 50% of OSA patients, 87 and obesity itself has adverse effects on the heart, including increase in cardiac output, increased risk of hypertension and diastolic dysfunction, and biventricular hypertrophy, 92 we also chose to concentrate on weight. Reduction in BMI has been clearly shown to reduce OSA severity as well as reduce adverse effects on cardiac performance in obese patients.…”

Section: Supporting Evidence and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Measures for the Care of Adult Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Aurora

Collop

Jacobowitz

et al. 2015

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Excess adipose accumulation in association with increased lean body mass produces an increase in central blood volume. [1][2][3][4]8,9 In patients with normotensive obesity, this predisposes to an increase in cardiac output which is facilitated by a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. [1][2][3][4] Because heart rate changes little if at all with obesity, the increase in cardiac output is predominantly caused by augmentation of left ventricular (LV) stroke volume.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4]8,9 In patients with normotensive obesity, this predisposes to an increase in cardiac output which is facilitated by a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. [1][2][3][4] Because heart rate changes little if at all with obesity, the increase in cardiac output is predominantly caused by augmentation of left ventricular (LV) stroke volume. [1][2][3][4] In many obese individuals, the high cardiac output state is associated with LV dilatation, a response that may lead to eccentric LV hypertrophy (LVH).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] Because heart rate changes little if at all with obesity, the increase in cardiac output is predominantly caused by augmentation of left ventricular (LV) stroke volume. [1][2][3][4] In many obese individuals, the high cardiac output state is associated with LV dilatation, a response that may lead to eccentric LV hypertrophy (LVH). [1][2][3][4][5]7,8 However, recent studies have suggested that concentric LVH or remodeling occurs as often or perhaps more often than eccentric LVH in obese subjects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation