Obesity and cardiovascular disease: revisiting an old relationship

Koliaki, Chrysi; Liatis, Stavros; Kokkinos, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.011

Cited by 452 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…It is commonly known that obesity is one of the main causes of numerous comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and hypertension [6,58]. Evidence has demonstrated that patients with excessive body mass may be in favor of better CVD prognosis when compared with normal BMI patients.…”

Section: Obesity Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of deaths from CVD is higher in women than men, with CVD accounting for 49% and 40% of all deaths in women and men respectively [1,4]. Over half of the global adult population has excessive body weight, according to World Health Organization (WHO) statistics [5][6][7]. Numerous clinical and epidemiological data have linked obesity to a comprehensive spectrum of CVD including heart diseases, arrhythmias, hypertension, and cardiac death [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous clinical and epidemiological data have linked obesity to a comprehensive spectrum of CVD including heart diseases, arrhythmias, hypertension, and cardiac death [5]. Obesity is also associated with obstructive sleep apnea and other hypoventilation syndromes, which negatively affect cardiovascular health [5][6][7][8]. Nutrition is one of the major factors influencing cardiovascular risk directly by physiological, molecular, and biological changes with inflammatory initiation and oxidative stress [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obesity, influencing hemodynamic adjustment, may provoke alteration in cardiac anatomy which affects left and right ventricular dysfunction and heart failure, even if other manifestations of heart disease are not present [18,41]. The primary cardiac morphology changes due to obesity are: an increase in total circulating blood volume, increased cardiac output, and increased systemic vascular resistance [5,6]. The term obesity-associated cardiomyopathy attributes to the gradual replacement of the myocardium by non-regular bands of adipose tissue, which separate and cause pressure-induced atrophy of myocardial cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term obesity-associated cardiomyopathy attributes to the gradual replacement of the myocardium by non-regular bands of adipose tissue, which separate and cause pressure-induced atrophy of myocardial cells. The clinical spectrum may range from subclinical LV alterations without any present symptoms to overt dilated cardiomyopathy [5,6,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

et al. 2020

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Although cardiovascular disease and its risk factors have been widely studied and new methods of diagnosis and treatment have been developed and implemented, the morbidity and mortality levels are still rising-cardiovascular disease is responsible for more than four million deaths each year in Europe alone. Even though nutrition is classified as one of the main and changeable risk factors, the quality of the diet in the majority of people does not follow the recommendations essential for prevention of obesity and cardiovascular disease. It demonstrates the need for better nutritional education in cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment, and the need to emphasize dietary components most relevant in cardiovascular disease. In our non-systematic review, we summarize the most recent knowledge about nutritional risk and prevention in cardiovascular disease and obesity.

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Section: Obesity Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

et al. 2020

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Changes in the prevalence of undernutrition, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from Buenos Aires, Mendoza, and Misiones provinces (Argentina) over the last two decades

Cesani

Garraza

Zonta

et al. 2022

American J Hum Biol

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The aim of this study was to determine changes in the prevalence of undernutrition, overweight and obesity in Argentine children and adolescents over the last two decades, and analyze their relationship with family socioeconomic conditions. Methods: We compared data in two cross-sectional studies (C) of schoolchildren (n: 4971) aged 4 to 13 years from three provinces: Buenos Aires, Mendoza and Misiones. C1 was carried out between 2005 and 2009 and C2 between 2010 and 2019. Anthropometric (body weight, height, triceps and subscapular skinfolds) and socioeconomic data of both studies were obtained in the same schools by the same investigators, using a similar methodology. The prevalence of nutritional status and the frequency of family socioeconomic conditions were calculated by province and C. Data were analyzed by chi square test, categorical principal component analysis and generalized linear model. Results: The prevalence of undernutrition decreased in C2 in Buenos Aires and Misiones and remained constant in Mendoza. At the same time, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased in the three provinces, around 13% in Buenos Aires and 9% in Mendoza and Misiones. Similarly, fat mass increased in C2. Undernutrition was associated with inadequate family socioeconomic conditions only in C1.Conclusions: This 14-year follow-up study shows a decreasing trend in the prevalence of undernutrition and an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and fat mass in the child and adolescent population of Argentina. Also, a marked deterioration in family socioeconomic conditions was found, but its relationship with the changes in nutritional status remains to be elucidated.

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Pericardial fat volume and coronary atherosclerotic markers among body mass index groups

Hassan¹,

Nafakhi

Al‐Mosawi

2020

Clinical Cardiology

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Background Increased pericardial fat volume (PFV) is associated with coronary atherosclerosis burden independent of body mass index (BMI) in many clinical studies. However, the association of PFV with markers of coronary atherosclerosis has not yet been assessed by dividing the patients according to BMI categories. Hypothesis To assess the association of PFV measured by multi‐detector CT (MDCT) angiography with coronary atherosclerotic markers (coronary artery calcium score [CAC], plaque type, and luminal stenosis) among BMI categories. Methods A total of 496 patients with suspected coronary artery disease who underwent 64‐slice MDCT angiography examination were enrolled. Patients divided into obese, overweight, and normal weight groups according to BMI degree. Results PFV showed a significant association with CAC, non‐calcified coronary plaque, and significant coronary stenosis in obese group. After adjusting for cardiac risk factors, the association of PFV with the non‐calcified coronary plaque and significant coronary stenosis persisted. There was a significant association between PFV with CAC and significant coronary stenosis in normal weight group. The association between PFV with CAC and significant coronary stenosis in normal weight was persisted afar adjusting for cardiac risk factors. No significant association was noted between PFV with coronary plaque type in normal weight group. There was no significant independent association between PFV with coronary atherosclerotic markers in overweight group. Conclusions Increased PFV was associated with advanced stage atherosclerosis in normal weight group, while increased PFV was associated with non‐calcified plaque in obese. These results highlight the differential relationship of PFV with coronary atherosclerotic markers among BMI categories.

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Obesity and cardiovascular disease: revisiting an old relationship

Cited by 452 publications

References 154 publications

Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

Changes in the prevalence of undernutrition, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from Buenos Aires, Mendoza, and Misiones provinces (Argentina) over the last two decades

Pericardial fat volume and coronary atherosclerotic markers among body mass index groups

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