Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

Rychter, Anna M.; Ratajczak, Alicja Ewa; Zawada, Agnieszka; Dobrowolska, Agnieszka; Krela‐Kaźmierczak, Iwona

doi:10.3390/nu12030814

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…Unbalanced diets can cause accumulation of excessive triglycerides in adipose tissue, leading to inflammation and dysfunction of vascular functions [ 1–3 ]. In this study, we found characteristic differences in the effects of high-fat and high-sucrose diets on PVAT and aortae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different effects of high-fat and high-sucrose diets on the physiology of perivascular adipose tissues of the thoracic and abdominal aorta

et al. 2021

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Vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and aneurysms are associated with diet. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) was reportedly involved in the regulation of vascular functions. It is suggested that imbalanced diets can cause PVAT inflammation and dysfunction as well as impaired vascular function. However, the association between diets and PVAT are not clearly understood. Here, we showed that a high-fat and a high-sucrose diet affected PVAT at different sites. A high-fat diet induced increased number of large-sized lipid droplets and increased CD (Cluster of differentiation) 68+ macrophage- and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1-positive areas in the abdominal aortic PVAT (aPVAT). In addition, a high-fat diet caused decreased collagen fibre-positive area and increased CD68+ macrophage- and MCP-1-positive areas in the abdominal aorta. In contrast, a high-sucrose diet induced increased number of large-sized lipid droplets, increased CD68+ macrophage- and MCP-1-positive areas, and decreased UCP-1 positive area in the thoracic aortic PVAT (tPVAT). A high-sucrose diet caused decreased collagen fibre-positive area and increased CD68+ macrophage- and MCP-1-positive areas in the thoracic aorta. These results could be attributed to the different adipocyte populations in the tPVAT and aPVAT. Our results provide pathological evidence to improve our understanding of the relationship between diet and vascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and aneurysms have been reported to be associated with western diets [ 1 ]. Recent studies have also suggested a possible relationship between vascular diseases and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), the adipose tissue surrounding the aorta, with the exception of the cerebral vasculature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different effects of high-fat and high-sucrose diets on the physiology of perivascular adipose tissues of the thoracic and abdominal aorta

et al. 2021

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“…Nutritional and lifestyle care are some of the essential approaches to CVD management and prevention. Standard dietary patterns, such as the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or Mediterranean diet (MeD), as well as the new plant-based diets, are recommended in CVD risk reduction [11]. The question of whether nutritional compounds, particularly anti-inflammatory, or the general lifestyle features can affect RBP4 levels should be addressed when considering the possible association between RBP4 and CVD.…”

Section: Diet and Its Influence On Rbp4 Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, it is estimated that over 3 million patients worldwide die due to excessive body weight [10]. Moreover, obesity may influence cardiovascular risk by means of the presence of obesity-related comorbidities, hemodynamic repercussions, body fat mass content and distribution [11][12][13]. All-cause mortality increased log-linearly throughout the overweight range, with the hazard ratio (HR) of 1.39 per 5 kg/m 2 [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Retinol-Binding Protein 4 a Possible Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases in Obesity?

Rychter

Skrzypczak-Zielińska

Zielińska

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Although many preventive and treatment approaches have been proposed, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide. Current epidemiological data require the specification of new causative factors, as well as the development of improved diagnostic tools to provide better cardiovascular management. Excessive accumulation of adipose tissue among patients suffering from obesity not only constitutes one of the main risk factors of CVD development but also alters adipokines. Increased attention is devoted to bioactive adipokines, which are also produced by the adipose tissue. The retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been associated with numerous CVDs and is presumably associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. With this in mind, exploring the role of RBP4, particularly among patients with obesity, could be a promising direction and could lead to better CVD prevention and management in this patient group. In our review, we summarized the current knowledge about RBP4 and its association with essential aspects of cardiovascular disease—lipid profile, intima-media thickness, atherosclerotic process, and diet. We also discussed the RBP4 gene polymorphisms essential from a cardiovascular perspective.

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“…The Mediterranean diet (MeD) is a plant-based eating habit characterised by a high intake of vegetables, grains, legumes, fruits, olive oil, and red wine [ 78 ]. High adherence to the MeD was reportedly associated with the concentration of SCFAs in stool samples, with the highest association visible in vegetables, legumes, and fruit intake in [ 79 ].…”

Section: Diet Nutritional Compounds and Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Gut-Microbiome Interaction Protect against Obesity and Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disorders?

et al. 2020

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More research has recently focused on the role of the gut microbiota in the development or course of numerous diseases, including non-communicable diseases. As obesity remains prevalent, the question arises as to what microbial changes are associated with increased obesity prevalence and what kind of prevention and treatment approaches it could provide. Moreover, the influence of the gut-brain axis on obesity is also crucial, since it can affect metabolism and food intake. The quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbiota composition are called dysbiosis; however, in view of the current knowledge, it is difficult to conclude which microbial imbalances are adverse or beneficial. Increased numbers of pathological microorganisms were observed among patients with obesity and comorbidities associated with it, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and insulin resistance. Our review provides current knowledge regarding changes in the intestinal microbiota associated with obesity and obesity-associated comorbidities. Nevertheless, given that dietary patterns and nutrients are two of the factors affecting the intestinal microbiota, we also discuss the role of different dietary approaches, vitamins, and minerals in the shaping of the intestinal microbiota.

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Non-Systematic Review of Diet and Nutritional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity

Cited by 32 publications

References 145 publications

Different effects of high-fat and high-sucrose diets on the physiology of perivascular adipose tissues of the thoracic and abdominal aorta

Different effects of high-fat and high-sucrose diets on the physiology of perivascular adipose tissues of the thoracic and abdominal aorta

Is the Retinol-Binding Protein 4 a Possible Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases in Obesity?

Does Gut-Microbiome Interaction Protect against Obesity and Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disorders?

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