Obesity among type 2 diabetes mellitus at Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Type 2 diabetes is becoming highly prevalent worldwide and it is one of the leading causes of mortality. The cause of mortality among these patients is mostly related to the dominant presence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity. The aim of the current study is therefore to determine the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Sidama region, Ethiopia. Method Institution-based cross-sectional study design was implemented to determine the prevalence of obesity and its associated factor among patients with type two diabetes at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Yirgalem General Hospital from October 16 2018 to December 21, 2018. A simple random sampling technique was implemented to select 314 study participants. After obtaining consent, different patients’ related data were collected using a questionnaire. Patients’ records were also reviewed. 4ml of the blood sample was collected from each study participant and analyzed for lipid profile test. Blood glucose level was done using COBAS INTEGRA 6000. A binary logistic regression was used to assess factors that have an association with obesity. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result The majority of the study participants (67.2%) were male and 61.8% of the study participants were aged >45years. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among the study participants was 36.3% and 18.8% respectively. About 41% of the study participants have a normal BMI. Females were more obese (28.2% Vs 14.2%) than males and BMI stratification by sex was statistically significant (P = 0.02). Sex (AOR = 3.0, CI = 1.6–5.7, P-Value = 0.001) and TG (AOR = 3.6, CI = 1.6–8.3, P-Value = 0.003) are factors that were independently associated with obesity among type 2 DM patients. Conclusion Overweight and obesity among type two diabetic patients were prevalent. In addition, obesity and overweight disorder are common among T2DM and gender and triglycerides levels were associated with obesity.

Obesity among Adult Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Accessing Care in Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomoso

“…A significant association was found between the sex of the patient and their body mass index. This was supported by other researchers [2,12,13,16]. The married constituted more than three quarter of the study participants and this agrees with Murad et al [20] A significant association was found between marital status and BMI in this study.…”

“…A prevalence which was half (14.8%) of our finding was found by Obirikorang et al [12] while a slightly more than half of our prevalence (18.8%) was found by Bizuayehu et al [13] This study agreed with other studies reviewed that prevalence of obesity was higher in females than male counterpart [12,13,16,18]. This may be due to childbearing, hormonal status, high female illiteracy rate and cultural practices that limit physical exertion by females (Table 2).…”

“…There was a significant association between this and BMI. This was corroborated by Bizuayehu et al [13] in an institutional based cross sectional study of 314 patients in Southern Ethiopia who found that BMI was strongly associated with systolic blood pressure and Vasanthakumar et al [6] in Urban area of Belagavi studied 380 patients and found an association with hypertension.…”

“…"Obesity in persons with diabetes is associated with poorer control of blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol, placing patients at higher risk for both cardiovascular and microvascular disease" [12]. "It has also become an enormous public health problem and a bigger health crisis than hunger and the leading cause of death and disabilities around the world with the burden expected to increase through time" [13].…”

Prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among persons with type 2 diabetes in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Gender, place of residence, and economic status were identified as the most significant sociodemographic factors associated with overweight and obesity in T2DM patients. With respect to gender, the findings of three studies [ 20 , 21 , 24 ] revealed that females were more likely to be overweight and obese than their male counterparts. The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for obesity among female T2DM patients ranged from (AOR 2.5 [95% CI: 1.5–4.3]) [ 24 ] to (AOR 3.0 [95% CI: 1.6–5.7]) [ 20 ].…”