Obesity alters the ovarian glucidic homeostasis disrupting the reproductive outcome of female rats

Obesity alters the uterine environment before pregnancy

“…In previous studies of our laboratory we found that cafeteria diet-induced obesity in female rats induced systemic and ovarian insulin resistance [21]. Obesity also impaired the reproductive outcome by reducing the ovarian reserve, altering ovulation [22], decreasing fertility rates and delaying conception [21].…”

“…In previous studies of our laboratory we found that cafeteria diet-induced obesity in female rats induced systemic and ovarian insulin resistance [21]. Obesity also impaired the reproductive outcome by reducing the ovarian reserve, altering ovulation [22], decreasing fertility rates and delaying conception [21]. Moreover, we showed that maternal pregestational obesity exacerbated fetal growth during gestation that resulted in fetal macrosomia despite all animals were fed standard chow during gestation, highlighting the importance of the maternal body weight at conception time [21].…”

“…PPARγ becomes relevant in conditions of obesity since it contributes to the uptake of glucose and lipids, and when expressed ectopically, it promotes deposition of lipids in peripheral tissues [19]. In fact, PPARγ agonists, such as the thiazolidinediones pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, are currently prescribed as anti-diabetic drugs and act as insulin sensitizers [20] Furthermore, obesity during pregnancy is associated with an abnormal intrauterine metabolic environment that has long-lasting effects on offspring, since the ability of the progeny to adapt to an adverse intrauterine environment is conferred prior to pregnancy [21]. In view of all the above, endometrial insulin resistance may potentially be one mechanism that negatively impacts fertility in obese patients, inducing long-lasting effects on the offspring as well.…”

A comparison of the anti-diabetic potential of d-ribose-l-cysteine with insulin, and oral hypoglycaemic agents on pregnant rats

“…The oestrous cycle of each animal was characterized for two weeks, using vaginal lavage obtained between 8:00-9:00 am before the commencement of the experiment. Cyclicity was determined by the modification of the method previously reported by Bazzano et al [ 30 ]. Briefly, fresh normal Saline was drawn into a fresh plastic Pasteur pipette which was inserted into the vaginal canal 1 mm deep and irrigated.…”

Cardiac, renal and uterine hemodynamics changes throughout pregnancy in rats with a prolonged high fat diet from an early age

“…Maternal obesity is a health problem with an increasing prevalence worldwide that is associated with an altered cardiovascular adaptation during gestation and adverse pregnancy outcomes [7][8][9]. However, very little is known on the cardiovascular, renal and uterine hemodynamic adaptations to pregnancy in subjects with a prolonged exposure to a high fat diet (HFD) from an early age.…”