Obesity Alters Balance and Movement Control

Teasdale, Normand; Simoneau, Martin; Corbeil, Philippe; Handrigan, Grant; Tremblay, Angelo; Hüe, Olivier

doi:10.1007/s13679-013-0057-8

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Indeed, as BMI increases, motor function and mobility decrease [58]. The dopamine system, composed of TH-expressing neurons that project from the SN to the striatum, is critical for the initiation and fine modulation of movement [1332].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-fat Diet Induces a Loss of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuronal Function That Underlies Motor Abnormalities

et al. 2017

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Movement defects in obesity are associated with peripheral muscle defects, arthritis, and dysfunction of motor control by the brain. Although movement functionality is negatively correlated with obesity, the brain regions and downstream signaling pathways associated with movement defects in obesity are unclear. A dopaminergic neuronal pathway from the substantia nigra (SN) to the striatum is responsible for regulating grip strength and motor initiation through tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity-dependent dopamine release. We found that mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited decreased movement in open-field tests and an increase in missteps in a vertical grid test compared with normally fed mice. This motor abnormality was associated with a significant reduction of TH in the SN and striatum. We further found that phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which modulates TH expression in the SN and striatum, was decreased under excess-energy conditions. Our findings suggest that high calorie intake impairs motor function through JNK-dependent dysregulation of TH in the SN and striatum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-fat Diet Induces a Loss of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuronal Function That Underlies Motor Abnormalities

et al. 2017

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“…According to the Weber law, the ability to detect change in a tactile signal depends directly on whether the change exceeds some constant percentage of initial signal .

normalΔ I = k \cdot I

…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, but not overweight, is associated with plantar light touch sensation in children aged 8 to 16 years: A cross‐sectional study

Ajisafe

Gilson

Garcia

et al. 2020

Obesity Science & Practice

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Summary Objective Increased foot‐ground contact loading engenders adaptive glabrous skin thickening and can decrease mechanoreceptor acuity and alter plantar cutaneous sensation. There has not been any research on whether overweight and obesity are similarly associated with normal plantar cutaneous sensation scores in children. This study investigated the associations between normal plantar cutaneous sensation scores and weight status (i.e., healthy weight, overweight, and obesity) in a sample of youth. Methods Plantar sensation was tested among 122 participants aged 8 to 16 years (10.3 ± 1.8 years; 140.0 ± 11.2 cm; 44.2 ± 16.0 kg) across the forefoot, midfoot, and rearfoot using Semmes‐Weinstein pressure aesthesiometry (0.07 g and 0.4 g monofilaments). Weight status was determined using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Age‐ and sex‐adjusted models were used to explore the relationships between normal plantar sensation scores and weight status. Significant two‐tailed tests were set at p < .05. Results Only obesity was inversely associated with normal plantar sensation scores on the left (β = −.241; p = .009) and right (β = −.222; p = .018) forefeet, left (β = −.322; p = .001) and right (β = −.253; p = .007) midfeet, and left (β = −.286; p = .002) and right (β = −.228; p = .014) wholefeet (relative to healthy weight) when using the 0.07 g monofilament. There was no association between obesity and plantar sensation when using the 0.4 g monofilament. Conclusions Obesity is associated with diminished light touch plantar sensation. Considering previously reported higher mechanical loading and the fact that Merkel cells and the Aβfibers that innervate them are superficial to the hypodermis, adaptive glabrous skin thickening (rather than fat pad thickness) may underlie this association. Contrary to previous suggestions, overweight is not associated with decreased plantar cutaneous sensation.

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“…No próximo tópico será explicado como esse trade-off pode ser quantificado através da lei formulada por Paul Fitts. (BERRIGAN et al, 2006b(BERRIGAN et al, , 2008BOUCHER et al, 2015;D'HONDT et al, 2008;MIGNARDOT et al, 2010;TEASDALE et al, 2013).…”

Section: Controle Do Movimento Do Apontarunclassified

“…Além disso, a análise se deu sobre as médias trimadas dessas tentativas, utilizando-se um fator de 20% (trim = 0.2). (BERRIGAN et al, 2006b(BERRIGAN et al, , 2008BOUCHER et al, 2015;D'HONDT et al, 2008;MIGNARDOT et al, 2010;SIMONEAU;TEASDALE, 2015;TEASDALE et al, 2007TEASDALE et al, , 2013 (BERRIGAN et al, 2006b(BERRIGAN et al, , 2008BOUCHER et al, 2015;D'HONDT et al, 2008;MIGNARDOT et al, 2010;SIMONEAU;TEASDALE, 2015;TEASDALE et al, 2007TEASDALE et al, , 2013 Berrigan et al (2006aBerrigan et al ( , 2006bBerrigan et al ( , 2008 Sentadas, as participantes obesas apresentaram menor TM e maior ER com relação a posição em pé, respectivamente, devido a estabilidade postural reduzida do grupo OB ao ficarem em pé (BERRIGAN et al, 2006b(BERRIGAN et al, , 2008BOUCHER et al, 2015;D'HONDT et al, 2008;MIGNARDOT et al, 2010;SIMONEAU;TEASDALE, 2015;TEASDALE et al, 2007TEASDALE et al, , 2013) e à menor disponibilidade de graus de liberdade para realizar o movimento sentado (D'HONDT et al, 2008;ROSENBAUM, 2009 (BERRIGAN et al, 2006b(BERRIGAN et al, , 2008BOUCHER et al, 2015;D'HONDT et al, 2008;MIGNARDOT et al, 2010;SIMONEAU;TEASDALE, 2015;TEASDALE et al, ...…”

Section: Análise Estatísticaunclassified

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Efeito da posição corporal na precisão do apontar de obesos e eutróficos

Refinetti¹

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AgradecimentosAo meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Flavio Henrique Bastos, pela paciência, dedicação, carinho e sabedoria. Os conhecimentos e experiências transmitidos têm sido determinantes para a minha formação pessoal, profissional e acadêmica.Aos professores do Lacom, Profª. Drª. Andrea Michele Freudenheim, Profª. Drª. Corrêa, pelos ensinamentos proporcionados nas reuniões de laboratório e em momentos informais.Aos membros da banca, pelas sugestões que contribuíram para realização e aperfeiçoamento deste trabalho.Aos funcionários da EEFE, pela prestatividade em todos os momentos.Ao CNPQ, pela concessão da bolsa de estudo que possibilitou minha dedicação a esse processo.Aos voluntários, pela disponibilidade e colaboração.Aos meus amigos e colegas do Lacom, em especial Fabian, Fernando, Leandro, Maria Teresa, Nathalia e Ricardo, pela amizade, convivência e incentivo.Aos meus familiares, pelo apoio e confiança, mesmo que à distância.Aos meus amigos, pelo carinho, cumplicidade, parceria e momentos compartilhados durante esse processo. ABSTRACT REFINETTI, F. M. Effect of body position on the precision of discrete aiming of obese and normal weight adults. 67 p. Dissertation (Master of Science) -School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 2019.Previous research has shown that obesity adversely affects movement time in tasks that require speed and accuracy, specifically when these tasks are performed in a standing position. Nevertheless, no research has shown whether this negative effect extends to the accuracy of the movement, since only correct trials were analyzed, i.e., error magnitude was not considered. This study sought to determine the effect of two body positions, standing upright and seated, on the precision of discrete aiming, in obese and normal weight adults. To investigate this issue, Movement Time (MT), Radial Error (RE) and Preparation Time (PT) were analyzed, as well as the number of movements completed within the target, for each group, in each target and body position. Forty-two women were distributed in two groups according to their Body Mass Index (BMI): obese (OB, BMI = 37.4 + 5.9 kg/m 2 ) and normal weight (EU, BMI = 22.2 + 2.1 kg/m 2 ). The task goal consisted of moving a circular cursor, showed on a LCD monitor, from the starting position to the center of a target as quickly and accurately as possible, by moving a hand-held stylus on a digitizing tablet. There was four possible target diameters (0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 2.5 cm and 5 cm), presented 39,5 cm from the cursor initial position, which corresponded to a 25,5 cm displacement of the stylus on the tablet. Participants performed the task in seated and standing upright body positions. For each target size, participants performed 15 trials in each body position (4 target sizes x 15 trials x 2 body positions -120 total). The OB group showed higher MT and lower RE while standing upright, compared to seated. In turn, the EU group showed similar MT and RE, regardless of body position. In addition, none of the groups showed any e...

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Obesity Alters Balance and Movement Control

Cited by 57 publications

References 53 publications

A High-fat Diet Induces a Loss of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuronal Function That Underlies Motor Abnormalities

A High-fat Diet Induces a Loss of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuronal Function That Underlies Motor Abnormalities

Obesity, but not overweight, is associated with plantar light touch sensation in children aged 8 to 16 years: A cross‐sectional study

Efeito da posição corporal na precisão do apontar de obesos e eutróficos

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