Efeito da posição corporal na precisão do apontar de obesos e eutróficos

Abstract

AgradecimentosAo meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Flavio Henrique Bastos, pela paciência, dedicação, carinho e sabedoria. Os conhecimentos e experiências transmitidos têm sido determinantes para a minha formação pessoal, profissional e acadêmica.Aos professores do Lacom, Profª. Drª. Andrea Michele Freudenheim, Profª. Drª. Corrêa, pelos ensinamentos proporcionados nas reuniões de laboratório e em momentos informais.Aos membros da banca, pelas sugestões que contribuíram para realização e aperfeiçoamento deste trabalho.Aos funcionários da EEFE, pela prestatividade em todos os momentos.Ao CNPQ, pela concessão da bolsa de estudo que possibilitou minha dedicação a esse processo.Aos voluntários, pela disponibilidade e colaboração.Aos meus amigos e colegas do Lacom, em especial Fabian, Fernando, Leandro, Maria Teresa, Nathalia e Ricardo, pela amizade, convivência e incentivo.Aos meus familiares, pelo apoio e confiança, mesmo que à distância.Aos meus amigos, pelo carinho, cumplicidade, parceria e momentos compartilhados durante esse processo. ABSTRACT REFINETTI, F. M. Effect of body position on the precision of discrete aiming of obese and normal weight adults. 67 p. Dissertation (Master of Science) -School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 2019.Previous research has shown that obesity adversely affects movement time in tasks that require speed and accuracy, specifically when these tasks are performed in a standing position. Nevertheless, no research has shown whether this negative effect extends to the accuracy of the movement, since only correct trials were analyzed, i.e., error magnitude was not considered. This study sought to determine the effect of two body positions, standing upright and seated, on the precision of discrete aiming, in obese and normal weight adults. To investigate this issue, Movement Time (MT), Radial Error (RE) and Preparation Time (PT) were analyzed, as well as the number of movements completed within the target, for each group, in each target and body position. Forty-two women were distributed in two groups according to their Body Mass Index (BMI): obese (OB, BMI = 37.4 + 5.9 kg/m 2 ) and normal weight (EU, BMI = 22.2 + 2.1 kg/m 2 ). The task goal consisted of moving a circular cursor, showed on a LCD monitor, from the starting position to the center of a target as quickly and accurately as possible, by moving a hand-held stylus on a digitizing tablet. There was four possible target diameters (0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 2.5 cm and 5 cm), presented 39,5 cm from the cursor initial position, which corresponded to a 25,5 cm displacement of the stylus on the tablet. Participants performed the task in seated and standing upright body positions. For each target size, participants performed 15 trials in each body position (4 target sizes x 15 trials x 2 body positions -120 total). The OB group showed higher MT and lower RE while standing upright, compared to seated. In turn, the EU group showed similar MT and RE, regardless of body position. In addition, none of the groups showed any e...