Abstract:IntroduçãoCom o fim da Guerra Fria, no início da década de 1990, observam-se mudanças profundas na arquitetura da segurança internacional, aumentando a fragmentação dos arranjos políticos relacionados ao tema. Diante deste cenário, fomentaram-se alternativas lideradas por países sul-americanos -notadamente o Brasil -para a criação de organismos que melhor atendessem às necessidades regionais e, ao mesmo tempo, minimizassem a influência norte-americana.
“…4. Nesse contexto, securitização refere-se aos processos de construção de ameaças existenciais que colocam em risco a segurança humana, nacional ou internacional (Crick, 2012;Farret, 2014;Martinez e Lira, 2015). 5.…”
As publicações do Ipea estão disponíveis para download gratuito nos formatos PDF (todas) e EPUB (livros e periódicos). Acesse: http://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/publicacoes As opiniões emitidas nesta publicação são de exclusiva e inteira responsabilidade dos autores, não exprimindo, necessariamente, o ponto de vista do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ou do Ministério da Economia.É permitida a reprodução deste texto e dos dados nele contidos, desde que citada a fonte. Reproduções para fins comerciais são proibidas.
“…4. Nesse contexto, securitização refere-se aos processos de construção de ameaças existenciais que colocam em risco a segurança humana, nacional ou internacional (Crick, 2012;Farret, 2014;Martinez e Lira, 2015). 5.…”
As publicações do Ipea estão disponíveis para download gratuito nos formatos PDF (todas) e EPUB (livros e periódicos). Acesse: http://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/publicacoes As opiniões emitidas nesta publicação são de exclusiva e inteira responsabilidade dos autores, não exprimindo, necessariamente, o ponto de vista do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ou do Ministério da Economia.É permitida a reprodução deste texto e dos dados nele contidos, desde que citada a fonte. Reproduções para fins comerciais são proibidas.
“…To understand the WoD and its implications for Latin America, or for the countries that make it up, seems, at a first glance, to leave us with no other choice but to take up an exclusively American approach (Lee 2004;Tokatlian 2010;Morales and de Lyra 2015). In effect, studies on drugs in Latin America and its member countries are based on a presupposition perceived as central to global politics and strongly embedded in the dominant perspectives of IR, i.e., the predominance of one actor (or some actors) -generally from the North or 'West' -over other(s), which are more often than not, from the South.…”
Section: The Standard Version Of the Wodmentioning
Abstract:The paper claims that it is necessary to seriously consider facts and phenomena beyond the 'West' in order to understand and theorise the complex social practices that shape the world.
“…4 See Martinez and Lyra (2015) for an in-depth analysis of how the establishment of councils for dealing with the drug problem and public security represents an attempt to de-securitize drug trafficking by UNASUL.…”
This article analyses the competing security perspectives of hemispheric and South American defence cooperation initiatives. While the Organization of American States (OAS) emphasises domestic roles for armed forces in the region, concentrating on internal threats such as organised crime and terrorism, the South American Defence Council (CDS) emphasises the traditional conception of security, concentrating on the defence of sovereign states against external military threats. Despite its apparent consistency, the concept of deterrent cooperation has not taken hold. While the literature interprets this failure as a cooperation problem, I argue that it is due to a deeper regional trend, namely the tendency to neglect external defence in favour of internal security roles for armed forces. After building a conceptual framework for clarifying these divergent perspectives, I show how they define the activities of the two competing organisations. Next, I address the conflict between the CDS’s conception of security and the security policies of OAS member states. Finally, I discuss domestic and structural obstacles to the adoption of common Latin American defence policies.
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