O-Glycan-Altered Extracellular Vesicles: A Specific Serum Marker Elevated in Pancreatic Cancer

Yokose, Takahiro; Kabe, Yoshio; Matsuda, Atsushi; Kitago, Minoru; Matsuda, Sachiko; Hirai, Masamichi; Nakagawa, Tomomi; Masugi, Yohei; Hishiki, Takako; Nakamura, Yuki; Shinoda, Masahiro; Yagi, Hiroshi; Abe, Yuta; Oshima, Go; Hori, Shutaro; Nakano, Yuichi; Honda, Kazufumi; Kashiro, Ayumi; Morizane, Chigusa; Nara, Satoshi; Kikuchi, Shojiro; Shibahara, Takahiko; Itonaga, Makoto; Ono, Masayuki; Minegishi, Naoko; Koshiba, S.; Yamamoto, Masayuki; Kuno, Atsushi; Handa, Hiroshi; Sakamoto, Michiie; Suematsu, Makoto; Kitagawa, Yuko

doi:10.3390/cancers12092469

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…In terms of cell surface markers, Pex can be enriched and carry many signaling molecules (Table 1 ). Glycosylation in cancer is considered a potential pathway for predicting cancer prognosis and exosomal glycan moieties are considered to be effective diagnostic markers in cancer detection [ 77 , 78 ]. Glycan sequence analysis of exosomal subpopulations in PaCa cell lines and Pex detection techniques have been developed and reported for the study of exosomal glycan moieties.These techniques have also provided novel markers for PaCa [ 79 , 80 ].…”

Section: The Clinical Value Of Pex: Sources Of Biomarkers and Drug Carriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: the key of sophisticated cell–cell communication and targeted metastasis in pancreatic cancer

et al. 2022

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Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common malignancies. Unfortunately, the lack of effective methods of treatment and diagnosis has led to poor prognosis coupled with a very high mortality rate. So far, the pathogenesis and progression mechanisms of pancreatic cancer have been poorly characterized. Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by most cells, contain lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and are involved in diverse functions such as intercellular communications, biological processes, and cell signaling. In pancreatic cancer, exosomes are enriched with multiple signaling molecules that mediate intercellular communication with control of immune suppression, mutual promotion between pancreas stellate cells and pancreatic cancer cells, and reprogramming of normal cells. In addition, exosomes can regulate the pancreatic cancer microenvironment and promote the growth and survival of pancreatic cancer. Exosomes can also build pre-metastatic micro-ecological niches and facilitate the targeting of pancreatic cancer. The ability of exosomes to load cargo and target allows them to be of great clinical value as a biomarker mediator for targeted drugs in pancreatic cancer.

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Section: The Clinical Value Of Pex: Sources Of Biomarkers and Drug Carriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: the key of sophisticated cell–cell communication and targeted metastasis in pancreatic cancer

et al. 2022

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“…Interestingly, the carbohydrate antigen CA125 was identified in serum-derived exosomes from patients with ovarian cancer and the detected levels were significantly higher in the exosomes when compared to the levels detected directly in the serum of these patients [ 210 ]. Yokose and his collaborators also studied the glycan profiles of serum EVs and revealed a significant increase in O -glycosylated EVs in pancreatic cancer patients in the early stages of the disease, even when the patient samples were negative for the CA19-9 antigen [ 211 ]. Interestingly, elevated levels of CA19-9 were detected in exosomes from pancreatic cancer patients when compared to healthy samples.…”

Section: Cancer Extracellular Vesicles Glycosylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosylation of Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Capture Strategies, Functional Roles and Potential Clinical Applications

Martins

Ramos

Freitas

et al. 2021

Cells

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Glycans are major constituents of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Alterations in the glycosylation pathway are a common feature of cancer cells, which gives rise to de novo or increased synthesis of particular glycans. Therefore, glycans and glycoproteins have been widely used in the clinic as both stratification and prognosis cancer biomarkers. Interestingly, several of the known tumor-associated glycans have already been identified in cancer EVs, highlighting EV glycosylation as a potential source of circulating cancer biomarkers. These particles are crucial vehicles of cell–cell communication, being able to transfer molecular information and to modulate the recipient cell behavior. The presence of particular glycoconjugates has been described to be important for EV protein sorting, uptake and organ-tropism. Furthermore, specific EV glycans or glycoproteins have been described to be able to distinguish tumor EVs from benign EVs. In this review, the application of EV glycosylation in the development of novel EV detection and capture methodologies is discussed. In addition, we highlight the potential of EV glycosylation in the clinical setting for both cancer biomarker discovery and EV therapeutic delivery strategies.

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“…The ExoCounter system has been used to analyze pancreatic cancer patient serum, in which EVs with glycoprotein are bound to Agaricus bisporus agglutinin (ABA) or Amaranthus caudatus agglutinin (ACA) using CD9 antibody-coated FG beads to detect EVs on an ABA- or ACA-coated disc [ 25 ]. Using this method, EVs that have a carbohydrate chain that binds to ABA or ACA can be detected.…”

Section: Monitoring Biomarkers Before and After Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Rapid Detection and In Situ Diagnosis in Clinical Oncology

Onishi

Mihara

Matsuda

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Screening, monitoring, and diagnosis are critical in oncology treatment. However, there are limitations with the current clinical methods, notably the time, cost, and special facilities required for radioisotope-based methods. An alternative approach, which uses magnetic beads, offers faster analyses with safer materials over a wide range of oncological applications. Magnetic beads have been used to detect extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the serum of pancreatic cancer patients with statistically different EV levels in preoperative, postoperative, and negative control samples. By incorporating fluorescence, magnetic beads have been used to quantitatively measure prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a prostate cancer biomarker, which is sensitive enough even at levels found in healthy patients. Immunostaining has also been incorporated with magnetic beads and compared with conventional immunohistochemical methods to detect lesions; the results suggest that immunostained magnetic beads could be used for pathological diagnosis during surgery. Furthermore, magnetic nanoparticles, such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), can detect sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer in a clinical setting, as well as those in gallbladder cancer in animal models, in a surgery-applicable timeframe. Ultimately, recent research into the applications of magnetic beads in oncology suggests that the screening, monitoring, and diagnosis of cancers could be improved and made more accessible through the adoption of this technology.

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O-Glycan-Altered Extracellular Vesicles: A Specific Serum Marker Elevated in Pancreatic Cancer

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Exosomes: the key of sophisticated cell–cell communication and targeted metastasis in pancreatic cancer

Exosomes: the key of sophisticated cell–cell communication and targeted metastasis in pancreatic cancer

Glycosylation of Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Capture Strategies, Functional Roles and Potential Clinical Applications

Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Rapid Detection and In Situ Diagnosis in Clinical Oncology

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