O acesso, ao inverso: desigualdades à sombra da expansão do ensino superior brasileiro, 1991-2020

Senkevics, Adriano Souza

doi:10.11606/t.48.2021.tde-11012022-103758

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 163 publications

(265 reference statements)

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“…From this standpoint, we may situate Brazil as a binary system (see Arum et al, 2007), since there is a marked distinction between institutions within a tuition-free and academically selective public sector and a paid, academically unselective private sector (Salto, 2018). In the former, we find a predominance of universities with didactic-scientific autonomy and devotion to research, which comprise 22% of enrollments; furthermore, a significant expansion of federal universities (typically research oriented) doubled the number of enrollments between 2008 and 2018 (Senkevics, 2021). The private sector, on the other hand, prioritizes courses with low economic cost and high social demand, which account for 78% of enrollments in a growing trend over the past decades.…”

Section: Higher Education In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Since the educational reforms of the 1960s, the country has witnessed a disproportionate expansion of for-profit institutions. Since then, and even after the end of the military dictatorship in 1985, there has been a tremendous expansion of higher education, which has grown even more intense in the past 20 years (Carvalhaes et al, 2022a;Senkevics, 2021). While there has been a considerable surge of public universities, the vast majority of institutions are still private.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Double disadvantage: institutional structure and compensatory advantages in Brazilian higher education

Senkevics¹,

Carvalhaes²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2023

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This paper examines the interaction between family income and academic performance in determining access to public and private higher education in Brazil during the expansionist period since the 1990s. The study aims to answer three questions: (a) how do family income and academic performance affect the likelihood of accessing higher education? (b) to what extent can low income be compensated for by good grades or vice versa? (c) how do these inequalities manifest in the division between public and private higher education? Using administrative data, we constructed a panel of high school graduates in 2012 who were followed for five years after completing secondary education. The results indicate that, for admission to public institutions, which are tuition-free and prestigious, academic performance is the most important predictor, and the advantage of wealthier students depends on their higher chances of obtaining better grades. In contrast, for entering private institutions, the socioeconomic gap is almost independent of grades, and privileged individuals have a higher chance of admission despite poor academic performance. We conclude that the horizontal stratification of Brazilian higher education hinders not only compensatory advantages for more affluent students in the private sector but also academic advantages in the public sector since they tend to have better grades. Higher-income students have advantages for accessing both private and public universities – double advantage.

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Section: Higher Education In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%