Nutritive Value of Tomato Pomace for Ruminants and Its Influence on In Vitro Methane Production

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The objective of this study was to analyze the chemical composition, in vitro ruminal fermentation, and intestinal digestibility of discarded samples of four Brassica vegetables: Brussels sprouts (BS), white cabbage, Savoy cabbage, and red cabbage, and to assess the effects of including increasing amounts of BS in the concentrate of a dairy sheep diet on in vitro fermentation, CH4 production, and in situ degradation of the diets. All cabbages had low dry matter content (DM; <16.5%), but their DM had high crude protein (19.5–24.8%) and sugars (27.2–41.4%) content and low neutral detergent fiber (17.5–28%) and was rapidly and extensively fermented in the rumen. Rumen degradability of protein at 12 h of in situ incubation was greater than 91.5% for all cabbages, and in vitro intestinal digestibility of protein ranged from 61.4 to 90.2%. Replacing barley, corn, and soybean meal by 24% of dried BS in the concentrate of a diet for dairy sheep (40:60 alfalfa hay:concentrate) increased in vitro diet fermentation and in situ degradability of DM and protein, and reduced in vitro CH4/total volatile fatty acid ratio. In vivo trials are necessary to confirm these results.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Brassica Vegetables as Potential Feed for Ruminants

Evan

Vintimilla

Marcos

et al. 2019

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“…Another important aspect is represented by the reduction of ammonia, which has been reported by several authors. Considering that rumen ammonia is generated from protein degradation, its reduction is probably associated with a decrease in protein degradability [129]. Indeed, the capacity of polyphenols to bind dietary proteins and to reduce the extent of their ruminal fermentation is well-known [79,80].…”

Section: Effect On Rumen Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Agro-Industrial By-Products Rich in Polyphenols be Advantageously Used in the Feeding and Nutrition of Dairy Small Ruminants?

Correddu

Lunesu

Buffa

et al. 2020

128

101

Recently, the interest in industrial by-products produced at the local level in Mediterranean areas, resulting from fruit and vegetable processes, has increased because of their considerable amounts of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols. In this review, we analyze the most recent scientific results concerning the use of agro-industrial by-products, naturally rich in polyphenols (BPRP), in the diets of small dairy ruminants. Effects on milk production, milk and rumen liquor fatty acid profile, metabolic parameters, and methane production are reviewed. The feed intake and digestibility coefficients were generally depressed by BPRP, even though they were not always reflected in the milk yield. The main observed positive effects of BPRP were on quality of the milk’s FA profile, antioxidant activity in milk and blood, a reduction of rumen ammonia, and, consequently, a reduction of milk and blood urea. The expected beneficial effects of dietary polyphenols in small ruminants were not always observed because of their complex and variable matrices. However, owing to the large quantities of these products available at low prices, the use of BPRB in small ruminant nutrition offers a convenient solution to the valorization of residues arising from agricultural activities, reducing feed costs for farmers and conferring added value to dairy products at the local level, in a sustainable way.

“…All fiber analyses were carried out using an Ankom 220 Fiber Analyzer unit (Ankom Technology Corp., Macedon, NY, USA), and results were expressed exclusive of residual ash. Sugars were analyzed as described by Marcos et al [ 26 ]. Concentrations of CH 4 in the gas produced and of VFA in the vials content were analyzed by gas chromatography following the procedures described by García-Martínez et al [ 27 ] and Martínez et al [ 28 ], respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Recycling Cauliflower and Romanesco Wastes in Ruminant Feeding: In Vitro Studies

Evan

Vintimilla

Molina-Alcaide

et al. 2020

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The nutritive values for ruminants of cauliflower (CAU) and Romanesco (ROM) wastes (leaves, stems and sprouts) were assessed by analyzing their chemical composition, in vitro ruminal fermentation, and in vitro intestinal digestibility. In addition, the in vitro ruminal fermentation of diets containing increasing amounts of CAU was studied. The dry matter (DM) content of leaves, stems and sprouts of both vegetables was lower than 10%, but they contained high crude protein (CP; 19.9 to 33.0%) and sugar (16.3 to 28.7%) levels, and low neutral detergent fiber (21.6 to 32.3%). Stems and sprouts were more rapidly and extensively fermented in the rumen than leaves, but there were only minor differences the fermentation profiles of both vegetables. The estimated metabolizable energy content ranged from 9.3 (leaves) to 10.8 (sprouts) MJ/kg DM. The CP rumen degradability (12-h in situ incubations) was greater than 80.0% for all fractions, and the in vitro intestinal digestibility of CP ranged from 85.7 to 93.2%. The inclusion of up to 24% of dried CAU in the concentrate of a mixed diet (40:60 alfalfa hay:concentrate) increased the in vitro rumen fermentation of the CAU diet, but did not affect methane (CH4) production, indicating the lack of antimethanogenic compounds in CAU.