Nutritional Requirements of Orchid Endophytes

Hadley, G.; Ong, S. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1978.tb01629.x

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…An alternative explanation could lie in the nutritional demands of E. repens isolates with respect to nitrogen. In contrast to Ceratorhiza spp., Epulorhiza strains have been described that were unable to use ammonium or nitrate as a nitrogen source (Stephen and Fung 1971;Hadley and Ong 1978). If the latter explanation were true, it would also explain the absence of any effect of mineral nitrogen in mycorrhizal seedlings of all species symbiotic with these isolates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The culture tubes contained agar slopes consisting of 15 mL of basal medium ( Table 3). To meet possible demands for vitamins and amino nitrogen of both orchid species Bulard 1975, 1979; van Waes and Debergh 1986) and mycorrhizal fungi (Stephen and Fung 1971;Powell and Arditti 1975;Hadley and Ong 1978) all cultures were supplied with 1 g . L-I yeast extract.…”

Section: Culture Conditions and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on in vitro nitrogen response of some Dutch indigenous orchid species

Dijk¹,

Eck²

1995

Can. J. Bot.

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The effect of mycorrhizal infection on the response to mineral nitrogen was studied in Orchis morio L., Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) So6 var. junialis (Verrnln.) Sengh., Dactylorhiza rnajalis (Reichb.) Hunt & Summerh., and Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) So6, using two strains of Ceratorhiza sp. and two of Epulorhiza repens (Bernard) Moore as mycorrhizal symbionts. Both types of endophyte appeared to be able to stimulate orchid growth at relatively low nitrogen availability in the culture medium. The Ceratorhiza strains decreased nitrogen tolerance of associated orchid protocorms and had pronounced negative effects on the growth and survival of D. majalis and D. incarnata at high concentrations of ammonium nitrate. Such effects did not occur in symbioses involving the Epulorhiza strains. Within orchid species, differences were observed in the extent to which fungal strains stimulated growth. The Ceratorhiza isolates were incompatible with 0. morio while the Epulorhiza strains were generally less efficient for Dactylorhiza spp.Resume : En utilisant deux souches de Ceratorhiza sp. et deux de 1'Epulorhiza repens (Bernard) Moore, comme champignons rnycorhiziens symbiotiques, les auteurs ont CtudiC les effets de la colonisation rnycorhizienne sur la rCaction de I'Orchis mori L., du Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soo var. junialis (Vermin.) Sengh., du Dactylorhiza majalis (Reichb.) Hunt & Summerh. et du Dactylorhiza incarnata (1.) Soo, h la nutrition azotCe. Les deux types d'endophytes sernblent capables de stimuler la croissance des orchidCes en prCsence de quantitC relativement faibles d'azote disponible dans le milieu de culture. Les souches de Ceratorhiza diminuent la tolCrance i l'azote des protocormes d'orchidCes associCs, et exercent des effets nCgatifs marquCs sur la croissance et la survie du D. majalis et du D. incarnata aux fortes concentrations de nitrate d'arnmonium. De tels effets ne se retrouvent pas dans les symbioses impliquant les souches d'Epulorhiza. Pour une espbce d'orchidCes donnCe, on observe des diffkrences dans le degrC de stimulation exercC par les souches fongiques. Les isolats du Ceratorhiza sont incompatibles avec 1'0. mori, alors que les souches d'Epulorhiza sont gCnCralement rnoins efficaces pour les Dactylorhiza spp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Culture Conditions and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on in vitro nitrogen response of some Dutch indigenous orchid species

Dijk¹,

Eck²

1995

Can. J. Bot.

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“…Warcup and Talbot (1967) identified the perfect stage of many rhizoctonias from orchids as species of the basidiomycete genera Ceratobasidium, Sebacium, Thanatephorus, and Tulasnella. Certain rhizoctonias isolated from orchids are difficult to preserve in culture and have proved to be nutritionally exacting, requiring certain vitamins and organic N sources (Hijner and Arditti, 1973;Hadley and Ong, 1978). These may be specialized orchid root-infecting symbionts.…”

Section: Orchid Endophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Mycorrhizae and Mycorrhizal Fungi

Mosse

Stribley

LeTacon³

1981

Advances in Microbial Ecology

225

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“…Compared with ECM and AM symbiosis, very little is known about N metabolism in orchid mycorrhizas. Some orchid mycorrhizal fungi belonging to Ceratobasidium, Tulasnella and Sebacina can grow on organic N as well as on ammonium (Hadley & Ong, 1978;Nurfadilah et al, 2013), and a Ceratobasidium spp. isolate also grew on nitrate (Nurfadilah et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal and plant gene expression in the Tulasnella calospora–Serapias vomeracea symbiosis provides clues about nitrogen pathways in orchid mycorrhizas

et al. 2016

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Summary Orchids are highly dependent on their mycorrhizal fungal partners for nutrient supply, especially during early developmental stages. In addition to organic carbon, nitrogen (N) is probably a major nutrient transferred to the plant because orchid tissues are highly N‐enriched. We know almost nothing about the N form preferentially transferred to the plant or about the key molecular determinants required for N uptake and transfer. We identified, in the genome of the orchid mycorrhizal fungus Tulasnella calospora, two functional ammonium transporters and several amino acid transporters but found no evidence of a nitrate assimilation system, in agreement with the N preference of the free‐living mycelium grown on different N sources. Differential expression in symbiosis of a repertoire of fungal and plant genes involved in the transport and metabolism of N compounds suggested that organic N may be the main form transferred to the orchid host and that ammonium is taken up by the intracellular fungus from the apoplatic symbiotic interface. This is the first study addressing the genetic determinants of N uptake and transport in orchid mycorrhizas, and provides a model for nutrient exchanges at the symbiotic interface, which may guide future experiments.

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Nutritional Requirements of Orchid Endophytes

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on in vitro nitrogen response of some Dutch indigenous orchid species

Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on in vitro nitrogen response of some Dutch indigenous orchid species

Ecology of Mycorrhizae and Mycorrhizal Fungi

Fungal and plant gene expression in the Tulasnella calospora–Serapias vomeracea symbiosis provides clues about nitrogen pathways in orchid mycorrhizas

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