Nutritional requirements ofClematis vitalbaL (old man’s beard)

Abstract

The nutritional requirements of the naturalised vine, Clematis vitalba, were investigated in order to determine soil factors which might restrict its growth. Topsoil samples (0-10 cm), collected from 19 sites where C. vitalba has naturally established in New Zealand, had moderately acid to near neutral pH values, high to very high percentage base saturation, and medium to very high concentrations of the exchangeable cations Ca, Mg, and K, but tended to have low plant-available P and phosphateextractable sulphate concentrations. Extractable-A1 concentrations were very low. Profile descriptions at these sites showed that almost all soils were being or had been rejuvenated by alluvium, colluvium, or tephra. The soils had few physical impediments to root growth, so plants were readily able to exploit the soils and their nutrients.In a glasshouse experiment, growth of C. vitalba increased with increasing rate of lime (CaCO3) and with increasing rate of applied P. Greatest growth in these conditions was associated with: pH = 4.7; exchangeable A1 = 4.6 me./100 g; 0.02M CaC12- B92019 Received 18 May 1992; accepted 19 October 1994extractable A1 = 3.5 mg/g; and Olsen P = 56 mg/g. Death of plants was associated with: pH = 3.7; exchangeable A1 = 12.6 me./100 g; 0.02M CaC12-extractable A1 = 107 mg/g; and Olsen P = 5.0 mg/g. The response to lime was to high pH and/or low A1 concentrations rather than to high concentrations of Ca, indicating that C. vitalba is not a caleicole. Plant growth was found to be more closely correlated with CaClz-extractable A1 concentrations than to pH or exchangeable A1 concentrations. In a second (subtractive nutrient) experiment, growth of C.

Clematis vitalbain a New Zealand native forest remnant: does seed germination explain distribution?

“…Rapid germination following disturbance will increase the likelihood that seedlings will establish where there is limited competition from other plant species and, therefore, where growth is less limited by resource availability. This is likely to be a more favourable environment for the growth of C. vitalba (Hume et al 1995;Baars & Kelly 1996;Bungard 1996). We propose that rapid establishment from seed, following disturbance, is an important factor determining the distribution of C. vitalba in recently disturbed, high-light sites at Dennistoun Bush.…”

Multiple <I>Didymella</I> teleomorphs are linked to the <I>Phoma clematidina</I> morphotype

“…As an invasive plant species, C. vitalba is a threat to native trees and shrubs, as it reduces light levels and smothers crowns of trees with its prolific foliage ( Gourlay et al 2000 ). In New Zealand, C. vitalba is regarded as a serious pest, and much research has been undertaken in order to save the native forest remnants from disappearing due to smothering caused by C. vitalba ( Hume et al 1995 , Ogle et al 2000 , Hill et al 2001 , 2004 , Paynter et al 2006 ). After extensive laboratory tests, a virulent strain of P. clematidina , which was originally isolated from an American C. ligusticifolia , was introduced to New Zealand in 1996 as a biological control agent of C. vitalba ( Gourlay et al 2000 ).…”

Clematis vitalba L. – потенциально инвазионный вид для Ростовской области

“…Вид натурализовался в Северной Америке и Новой Зеландии, где отнесен в ранг растений трасформеров и нуждается в специальном контроле (West, 1992;Ogle et al, 2000;Bungard et al, 1998;Gourlay et al, 2000). Обычно расселяется в городах, вдоль рек и лесозащитных полос (West, 1992;Greer, Sheppard, 1990;Hume et al, 1995;Parks, Schmechel, 2009). …”

“…В Англии С. vitalba расселяется на щелочных почвах, но в Новой Зеландии растет на почвах с более широким интервалом рН, вплоть до значения 4,7 (Hume et al, 1995;Baars et al, 1998). Важным условием успешного развития сеянцев является высокое содержание азота в почве (Bungard et al, 1998).…”