Nutritional requirement of two Amazonian aquacultured fish species, <i>Colossoma macropomum</i>
 (Cuvier, 1816) and <i>Piaractus brachypomus</i>
 (Cuvier, 1818): a mini review

Guimarães, Igo Gomes; Martins, Graciela Pessoa

doi:10.1111/jai.12976

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The Colossoma macropomum, popularly known as "tambaqui", is a freshwater fish and is currently the main native species farmed in Brazil, representing 28% of the total of the national production. Importantly, tambaqui displays high growth rates, adaptation to intensive culture systems and good fillet quality (Guimarães and Martins, 2015). The adult fish are predominantly herbivorous, feeding abundantly on fruits and seeds during flooding episodes (Almeida et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A complete enzymatic capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis is present in the Amazonian teleost tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum

Ferraz

Kabeya

Lopes-Marques

et al. 2019

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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In vertebrates, the essential fatty acids (FA) that satisfy the dietary requirements for a given species depend upon its desaturation and elongation capabilities to convert the C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), namely linoleic acid (LA, and α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), into the biologically active long-chain (C20-24) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), including arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). Recent studies have established that tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), an important aquaculture-produced species in Brazil, is a herbivorous fish that can fulfil its essential FA requirements with dietary provision C18 PUFA LA and ALA, although the molecular mechanisms underpinning such ability remained unclear. The present study aimed at cloning and functionally characterizing genes encoding key desaturase and elongase enzymes, namely fads2, elovl5 and elovl2, involved in the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways in tambaqui.First, a fads2-like desaturase was isolated from tambaqui. When expressed in yeast, the tambaqui Fads2 showed Δ6, Δ5 and Δ8 desaturase capacities within the same enzyme, enabling all desaturation reactions required for ARA, EPA and DHA biosynthesis.Moreover, tambaqui possesses two elongases that are bona fide orthologs of elovl5 and elovl2. Their functional characterization confirmed that they can operate towards a variety of PUFA substrates with chain lengths ranging from 18 to 22 carbons. Overall our results provide compelling evidence that demonstrates that all the desaturase and elongase activities required to convert LA and ALA into ARA, EPA and DHA are present in tambaqui within the three genes studied herein, i.e. fads2, elovl5 and elovl2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A complete enzymatic capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis is present in the Amazonian teleost tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum

Ferraz

Kabeya

Lopes-Marques

et al. 2019

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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“…Tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum) is a freshwater Neotropical fish with great potential for Latin American aquaculture (Guimarães & Martins ). This species is the second most farmed species in Brazilian aquaculture due to its high growth rates, adaptation to intensive culture systems and the fillet quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary available phosphorus requirement for tambaqui,Colossoma macropomum, juveniles based on growth, haematology and bone mineralization

et al. 2016

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An economical and efficient approach to reduce the impact of P discharge by aquaculture industry is to adjust the P level in fish feeds to the precise nutrient requirement at different growth stages in a digestible nutrient basis. However, P requirement seems to be species specific and affected by several physiological, dietary and environmental factors. Based on the importance of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) to Latin American aquaculture, we designed a 63-day trial to evaluate the effect of available P (AP) levels on growth, nutrient digestibility, haematology and blood biochemical parameters, carcass proximate composition and bone mineralization. Quadruplicate groups of tambaqui juveniles (144 AE 2.0 g) were fed five isonitrogenous (278 g kg À1 digestible protein) and isocaloric (13.5 Mj DE kg À1 ) diets containing graded AP levels (3.0, 5.6, 7.5, 9.1 and 11.0 g kg À1 ) following a completely randomized design. Dicalcium phosphate (DCP) was used as the main P source. No mortalities and signs of P deficiency were observed among the dietary treatments. A remarkably high P digestibility was observed in all plantbased diets with a tendency of decreasing P digestibility with the increase in total P levels. Tambaqui seems to be able to grow well without inorganic P supplementation during the trials; however, this species required 7.0 g AP kg À1 diet for proper bone mineralization. P supplementation had a limited effect on haematology and blood biochemistry of tambaqui. Ecological implications of natural feeding habit and evolutionary position of this species are further discussed, and new hypothesis are drawn based on our results.

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“…Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is the second most farmed species in Brazil and possess an important role on food security for Latin American countries [14]. Additionally, the high P discharge in tambaqui aquaculture might be a serious problem for the Amazonian aquatic ecosystem where most of the tambaqui farms are located.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for quantifying phosphorus requirement in an Amazonian fish using CT-scanning

Menezes

Santos

Guimarães

et al. 2020

Preprint

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27Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral for fish growth, as it plays pivotal roles in skeletal 28 development and energy transfer reactions. However, the dietary requirement of this 29 mineral is variable among fish species and the growth stages. Thus, this study aimed to 30 65 However, the P requirement in animals diverge depending on the response 66 parameters evaluated and the models used to estimate the requirement [6]. For instance, 67 P requirement based on weight gain are lower than those estimated based on bone 68 mineralization [7-10]. The use of P requirement estimates based on WG have led to 69 several bone deformities in salmonids imposing a threat to the welfare of fish and the 70 quality of the final product [10][11][12]. This has been used as role for most of the 4 71 aquacultured fish species, at least for Nile tilapia and carp aquaculture [8, 13]. However, 72 limited data on other fish species are available and further extrapolations should be made 73 with care. 74 Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is the second most farmed species in Brazil 75and possess an important role on food security for Latin American countries [14]. 76 Additionally, the high P discharge in tambaqui aquaculture might be a serious problem 77 for the Amazonian aquatic ecosystem where most of the tambaqui farms are located. 78Therefore, the precise P formulation in tambaqui diets is of utmost importance for 79 protecting this ecosystem. 80Although the importance of this species for aquaculture, information on its 81 nutrient requirements are limited and, to the best of our knowledge, just one study have 82 reported the phosphorus requirement for tambaqui in the grow-out stage (~ 150g) [7]. 83 Therefore, we designed a trial to determine the P requirement for tambaqui juveniles 84 (from 15 to 150g) using different response parameters. Additionally, for the first time in 85 a requirement study, we provide evidence that the P requirement for whole-body 86 mineralization might be similar to the estimate based on weight gain while the 87 requirement for bone mineralization are markedly low in fish with dense mineralized 88 bones. 89 5 90 2. Materials and methods 91 All the procedures involving animals in this study was approved by the Animal 92 Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal de Goiás (protocol # 063/15). 93 94 2.1. Experimental diets 95A basal semi-purified diet was formulated to meet the protein (360 g kg -1 ) and 96 energy (14.02 Mj kg -1 diet) requirements for tambaqui and be deficient in phosphorus (1.5 97 g kg -1 ). Then, incremental levels of dietary digestible phosphorus were obtained by 98 supplementing the basal diet with potassium phosphate to achieve the following levels: 99 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5 and 9.0 g kg -1 (Table 1). Digestible phosphorus content of potassium 100 phosphate was calculated according to a previous study of our group [15]. 101 102 6 103 104 1 The supplement provided the following: MOS (mín.) 120.0000 mg/kg; Vitamin A (mín.) 16.000 UI/kg; 105 Vitamin D3 (mín.) 4.500 UI/kg; Vitamin E (mín...

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Nutritional requirement of two Amazonian aquacultured fish species, Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) and Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818): a mini review

Cited by 43 publications

References 49 publications

A complete enzymatic capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis is present in the Amazonian teleost tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum

A complete enzymatic capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis is present in the Amazonian teleost tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum

Dietary available phosphorus requirement for tambaqui,Colossoma macropomum, juveniles based on growth, haematology and bone mineralization

A new approach for quantifying phosphorus requirement in an Amazonian fish using CT-scanning

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