Dietary available phosphorus requirement for tambaqui,<i>Colossoma macropomum</i>, juveniles based on growth, haematology and bone mineralization

Araújo, Janaína Gomes; Guimarães, Igo Gomes; Mota, Clenilso Sehnen; Paula, Fernanda Gomes de; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Pádua, Delma Machado Cantisani

doi:10.1111/anu.12449

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…The increase on fatty body deposition is a commonly reported effect of P deficiency in fish [4, 7, 10, 13, 24–26, 30, 35]. In this study, we have similarly observed an increase on body fat content with a concomitant increase on triacylglycerol and VLDL levels, and a decrease on serum albumin levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Tambaqui juveniles reached the maximum growth rate with 6.3 g kg −1 diet of dP. This value is higher than a previous study with tambaqui that reported a dP requirement of 3 g kg −1 diet at the beginning of the grow-out phase (150 to 300g) [7]. Since, there was a great difference between the requirement estimates for tambaqui, we believe the previously reported requirement might be underestimated once they used plant based practical diets and there are evidences showing that tambaqui might be able to efficiently use dietary phytic-P [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Water quality parameters, such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity and total ammonia were monitored in a daily basis and were kept within the normal range for maximum growth and health of tambaqui [7].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the P requirement in animals diverge depending on the response parameters evaluated and the models used to estimate the requirement [6]. For instance, P requirement based on weight gain are lower than those estimated based on bone mineralization [7–10]. The use of P requirement estimates based on WG have led to several bone deformities in salmonids imposing a threat to the welfare of fish and the quality of the final product [10–12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the importance of this species for aquaculture, information on its nutrient requirements are limited and, to the best of our knowledge, just one study have reported the phosphorus requirement for tambaqui in the grow-out stage (~ 150g) [7]. Therefore, we designed a trial to determine the P requirement for tambaqui juveniles (from 15 to 150g) using different response parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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27Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral for fish growth, as it plays pivotal roles in skeletal 28 development and energy transfer reactions. However, the dietary requirement of this 29 mineral is variable among fish species and the growth stages. Thus, this study aimed to 30 65 However, the P requirement in animals diverge depending on the response 66 parameters evaluated and the models used to estimate the requirement [6]. For instance, 67 P requirement based on weight gain are lower than those estimated based on bone 68 mineralization [7-10]. The use of P requirement estimates based on WG have led to 69 several bone deformities in salmonids imposing a threat to the welfare of fish and the 70 quality of the final product [10][11][12]. This has been used as role for most of the 4 71 aquacultured fish species, at least for Nile tilapia and carp aquaculture [8, 13]. However, 72 limited data on other fish species are available and further extrapolations should be made 73 with care. 74 Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is the second most farmed species in Brazil 75and possess an important role on food security for Latin American countries [14]. 76 Additionally, the high P discharge in tambaqui aquaculture might be a serious problem 77 for the Amazonian aquatic ecosystem where most of the tambaqui farms are located. 78Therefore, the precise P formulation in tambaqui diets is of utmost importance for 79 protecting this ecosystem. 80Although the importance of this species for aquaculture, information on its 81 nutrient requirements are limited and, to the best of our knowledge, just one study have 82 reported the phosphorus requirement for tambaqui in the grow-out stage (~ 150g) [7]. 83 Therefore, we designed a trial to determine the P requirement for tambaqui juveniles 84 (from 15 to 150g) using different response parameters. Additionally, for the first time in 85 a requirement study, we provide evidence that the P requirement for whole-body 86 mineralization might be similar to the estimate based on weight gain while the 87 requirement for bone mineralization are markedly low in fish with dense mineralized 88 bones. 89 5 90 2. Materials and methods 91 All the procedures involving animals in this study was approved by the Animal 92 Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal de Goiás (protocol # 063/15). 93 94 2.1. Experimental diets 95A basal semi-purified diet was formulated to meet the protein (360 g kg -1 ) and 96 energy (14.02 Mj kg -1 diet) requirements for tambaqui and be deficient in phosphorus (1.5 97 g kg -1 ). Then, incremental levels of dietary digestible phosphorus were obtained by 98 supplementing the basal diet with potassium phosphate to achieve the following levels: 99 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5 and 9.0 g kg -1 (Table 1). Digestible phosphorus content of potassium 100 phosphate was calculated according to a previous study of our group [15]. 101 102 6 103 104 1 The supplement provided the following: MOS (mín.) 120.0000 mg/kg; Vitamin A (mín.) 16.000 UI/kg; 105 Vitamin D3 (mín.) 4.500 UI/kg; Vitamin E (mín...

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