Nutritional, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of 24 mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) genotypes

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the proximate and phytochemicals present in seeds of 24 mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) genotypes from four provinces of China for estimating their nutritional and antioxidant properties. Proximate analysis of mung bean genotypes revealed that starch, protein, fat, ash and water-soluble polysaccharide ranged from 39.54–60.66, 17.36–24.89, 4.24–12.18, 2.78–3.53 and 1.99–2.96 g/100 g respectively. The five principal fatty acids detected in mung beans were stearic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and linolenic acid. The contents of insoluble-bound phenolic compounds, soluble phenolic compounds, and flavonoids ranged from 0.78 to 1.5 mg GAE g− 1, 1.78 to 4.10 mg GAE g− 1, and 1.25 to 3.52 mg RE g− 1, respectively. The black seed coat mung bean genotype M13 (Suheilv 1) exhibited highest flavonoid and phenolic contents which showed strong antioxidant activity. Two flavonoids (vitexin and isovitexin) and four phenolic acids (caffeic, syringic acid, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids) were identified by HPLC. Vitexin and isovitexin were the major phenolic compounds in all mung bean genotypes. The content of soluble phenolic compounds had positive correlation with DPPH (r2 = 0.713) and ABTS (r2 = 0.665) radical scavenging activities. Principal component analysis indicated that the first two principal components could reflect most details on mung bean with a cumulative contribution rate of 66.1%. Twenty-four mung bean genotypes were classified into four groups based on their phenolic compounds contents and antioxidant activities. The present study highlights the importance of these mung bean genotypes as a source of nature antioxidant ingredient for the development of functional foods or a source of health promoting food. Graphical Abstract

Assessment of Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Vigna spp.

“…(Sha'a, 2021). As reported Wang et al (2021), five principal fatty acids were found in seed raw such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid.…”

Phenolic Profiles and Bioactivities of Ten Original Lineage Beans in Thailand

“…A total of 40 soybean cultivars from various ecotype regions and maturity stages in China had total isoflavone contents ranging from 55.1 to 758.4 mg/100 g as determined by HPLC analysis [ 28 ]. While using the same detection method, total isoflavone content ranging from 0.69 to 5.42 mg/g dry matter were detected in 23 soybeans at 4 different maturity stages from Serbia [ 8 ], while vitexin and isovitexin were dominantly detected in 24 mung bean genotypes collected in different regions of China [ 6 ]. Globally, the average isoflavone content was 154.53 mg/100 g soybean [ 29 ].…”

“…These were mostly flavonoids including kaempferol, quercetin and their derivatives [ 5 ]. Four phenolic acids (caffeic acid, p -coumaric acid, ferulic acid and syringic acid) and two flavonoids (vitexin and isovitexin) were dominantly found in mung beans ( Vigna radiate L.) harvested from different regions in China [ 6 ]. Furthermore, isoflavones, which are subtypes of flavonoids that resemble the sex hormone, estrogen (phytoestrogens), have also been identified in beans, such as daidzein, daidzin, glycitein, glycitin, genistein and genistin [ 7 ].…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Colon Cancer Activities of Mung Bean Grown in Burkina Faso

“…Some phenolic compounds present in this legume, which increase with processes such as germination and fermentation according to [ 16 ], could be used in chemoprevention of certain diseases. These compounds are functional food ingredients in mung bean, having a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant [ 17 ], anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic [ 18 ], antiviral, anticancer, antitumor [ 13 ], hepatoprotective [ 19 ], antibacterial, antifungal, and other detoxification activities [ 20 ]. Thus, the mung bean selected, cultivated, and consumed in Burkina Faso could serve as a functional food in the prevention and management of cancer, the prevalence of which is constantly increasing in the country like in other middle-income countries.…”